Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Less common
Abnormal vision, including blurred vision, seeing shades of colors differently than before, or sensitivity to light; bladder pain; burning, crawling, itching, numbness, prickling, “pins and needles”, or tingling feelings; burning feeling in chest or stomach; cloudy or bloody urine; dizziness; increased frequency of urination; indigestion; pain on urination; stomach upset; tenderness in stomach area
Rare
Bleeding of the eye; convulsions (seizures); decreased vision or other changes in vision; double vision; prolonged, painful, or inappropriate erection of penis; redness, burning, or swelling of the eye; vision loss, temporary
Note: The following rare side effects have not been completely established as being caused by sildenafil
Blood sugar problems (more likely with patients with diabetes mellitus), such as anxiety, behavior change similar to drunkenness, blurred vision, cold sweats, confusion, cool and pale skin, difficulty in concentrating, drowsiness, excessive hunger, fast heartbeat, headache, nausea, nervousness, nightmares, restless sleep, shakiness, slurred speech, and unusual tiredness or weakness; bone pain; breast enlargement; chest pain; chills; confusion; convulsions (seizures); coughing up blood; deafness; decrease in amount of urine or in frequency of urination; dizziness or lightheadedness, especially when getting up from a lying or sitting position; dry eyes; dry mouth; dryness, redness, scaling, or peeling of the skin; eye pain; fainting or faintness; fast, irregular, or pounding heartbeat; feeling of something in the eye; groups of skin lesions with swelling; headache (severe or continuing); heart failure; hives; increase in size of pupil; increased sweating; increased thirst; itching of skin; low blood pressure; lower back or side pain; migraine headache; nausea (severe or continuing); nervousness; numbness of hands; painful, swollen joints; redness, itching, or tearing of eyes; shortness of breath or troubled breathing; skin paleness; skin rash; skin ulcers; sore throat and fever or chills; sudden weakness; swelling of face, hands, feet, or lower legs; twitching of muscles; unusual tiredness or weakness; unusual feeling of burning or stinging of skin
Incidence not known
Blindness
Other side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. However, check with your doctor if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome:
More common
Aches or pains in muscles; bloody nose; diarrhea; difficult or labored breathing; flushing; headache; nasal congestion; pain or tenderness around eyes and cheekbones; redness of skin; sneezing; stomach discomfort following meals; stuffy or runny nose; trouble in sleeping; unusually warm skin
Rare
Anxiety
Note: The following rare side effects have not been completely established as being caused by sildenafil
Abdominal pain; abnormal dreams; clumsiness or unsteadiness; cough; diarrhea or stomach cramps (severe or continuing); difficulty in swallowing; ear pain; increased amount of saliva; increased skin sensitivity; lack of coordination; loss of bladder control; mental depression; nausea; numbness or tingling of hands, legs, or feet; rectal bleeding; redness or irritation of the tongue; redness, soreness, swelling, or bleeding of gums; ringing or buzzing in ears; sensation of motion, usually whirling, either of one's self or of one's surroundings; sexual problems in men (continuing), including failure to experience a sexual orgasm; sleepiness; sores in mouth and on lips; tense muscles; tightness of chest or wheezing; trembling and shaking; vomiting; waking to urinate at night; worsening of asthma
Other side effects not listed above may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your doctor.
Tuesday, May 29, 2007
Precautions While Using Viagra
Sildenafil has not been studied with other medicines used for treatment of erectile dysfunction. Presently, using them together is not recommended .
It is important that you tell all of your healthcare providers that you take sildenafil . If you need emergency medical care for a heart problem, it is important that your healthcare provider knows when you last took sildenafil.
Use sildenafil exactly as directed by your doctor . Do not use more of it and do not use it more often than your doctor ordered. If too much is used, the chance of side effects is increased.
If you experience a prolonged or painful erection for 4 hours or more, contact your doctor immediately. This condition may require prompt medical treatment to prevent tissue damage of the penis and possible permanent impotence.
This medicine does not protect you against sexually transmitted diseases. Use protective measures and ask your doctor if you have any questions about this.
It is important to tell your doctor about any heart problems you may have now or may have had in the past. This medicine can cause serious side effects in patients with heart problems.
If you experience sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes, stop using sildenafil and contact your doctor immediately.
It is important that you tell all of your healthcare providers that you take sildenafil . If you need emergency medical care for a heart problem, it is important that your healthcare provider knows when you last took sildenafil.
Use sildenafil exactly as directed by your doctor . Do not use more of it and do not use it more often than your doctor ordered. If too much is used, the chance of side effects is increased.
If you experience a prolonged or painful erection for 4 hours or more, contact your doctor immediately. This condition may require prompt medical treatment to prevent tissue damage of the penis and possible permanent impotence.
This medicine does not protect you against sexually transmitted diseases. Use protective measures and ask your doctor if you have any questions about this.
It is important to tell your doctor about any heart problems you may have now or may have had in the past. This medicine can cause serious side effects in patients with heart problems.
If you experience sudden loss of vision in one or both eyes, stop using sildenafil and contact your doctor immediately.
Proper Use of viagra
Special patient directions come with sildenafil. Read the directions carefully before using the medicine .
This medicine usually begins to work within 30 minutes after taking it for erectile dysfunction. It continues to work for up to 4 hours, although its action is usually less after 2 hours.
Dosing—The dose of sildenafil will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label . The following information includes only the average doses of sildenafil. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For treatment of erectile dysfunction:
Adults up to 65 years of age—50 mg as a single dose no more than once a day, 1 hour before sexual intercourse. Alternatively, the medicine may be taken 30 minutes to 4 hours before sexual intercourse. If needed, your doctor may increase your daily dose to 100 mg or decrease your daily dose to 25 mg.
Adults 65 years of age and older—25 mg as a single dose no more than once a day, 1 hour before sexual intercourse. Alternatively, the medicine may be taken 30 minutes to 4 hours before sexual intercourse. If needed, your doctor may increase your daily dose.
If you are taking protease inhibitors, such as for the treatment of HIV, your doctor may recommend a 25 mg dose and may limit you to a maximum single dose of 25 mg of Viagra in a 48 hour period
For treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension:
Adults—20 mg three times per day. Each dose should be taken about 4 to 6 hours apart and can be taken with or without food.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Storage—To store this medicine:
Keep out of the reach of children.
Store away from heat and direct light.
Do not store in the bathroom, near the kitchen sink, or in other damp places. Heat or moisture may cause the medicine to break down.
Keep the medicine from freezing. Do not refrigerate.
Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed. Be sure that any discarded medicine is out of the reach of children.
This medicine usually begins to work within 30 minutes after taking it for erectile dysfunction. It continues to work for up to 4 hours, although its action is usually less after 2 hours.
Dosing—The dose of sildenafil will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label . The following information includes only the average doses of sildenafil. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For treatment of erectile dysfunction:
Adults up to 65 years of age—50 mg as a single dose no more than once a day, 1 hour before sexual intercourse. Alternatively, the medicine may be taken 30 minutes to 4 hours before sexual intercourse. If needed, your doctor may increase your daily dose to 100 mg or decrease your daily dose to 25 mg.
Adults 65 years of age and older—25 mg as a single dose no more than once a day, 1 hour before sexual intercourse. Alternatively, the medicine may be taken 30 minutes to 4 hours before sexual intercourse. If needed, your doctor may increase your daily dose.
If you are taking protease inhibitors, such as for the treatment of HIV, your doctor may recommend a 25 mg dose and may limit you to a maximum single dose of 25 mg of Viagra in a 48 hour period
For treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension:
Adults—20 mg three times per day. Each dose should be taken about 4 to 6 hours apart and can be taken with or without food.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Storage—To store this medicine:
Keep out of the reach of children.
Store away from heat and direct light.
Do not store in the bathroom, near the kitchen sink, or in other damp places. Heat or moisture may cause the medicine to break down.
Keep the medicine from freezing. Do not refrigerate.
Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed. Be sure that any discarded medicine is out of the reach of children.
Before Using viagra
In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For sildenafil, the following should be considered:
Allergies—Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to sildenafil. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes.
Pregnancy—Sildenafil is not indicated for use in women. Sildenafil has not been studied in pregnant women. However, sildenafil has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems in animal studies.
Breast-feeding—It is not known whether sildenafil passes into breast milk. Sildenafil is not indicated for use in women for erectile dysfunction. Mothers who are taking this medicine for pulmonary arterial hypertension and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor.
Older adults—Elderly people are especially sensitive to the effects of sildenafil, which may increase their chance of having side effects. Patients 65 years of age and older who are taking this medicine for erectile dysfunction are started on a low dose, 25 mg, of sildenafil. Patients who are taking this medicine for pulmonary arterial hypertension may also need to be started at a lower dose. The dose may be increased by a doctor as needed and tolerated.
Other medicines—Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking sildenafil, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following:
Alpha-blockers (medicine for high blood pressure—Sildenafil when taken together with an alpha-blocker medicine may cause very low blood pressure. Sildenafil doses above 25 mg should not be taken within 4 hours of taking an alpha-blocker medicine.
Bosentan (e.g., Tracleer)—May increase amounts of bosentan in the body
Cimetidine (e.g., Tagamet)
Erythromycin (e.g., E.E.S. or Ery-Tab)
Itraconazole (e.g., Sporanox)
Ketaconazole (e.g., Nizoral)
Mibefradil (e.g., Posicor)
Ritonavir (e.g., Norvir)
Saquinavir (e.g., Fortovase or Invirase)—These medicines may increase the unwanted effects of sildenafil, unless lower starting doses of sildenafil are used
Erectile dysfunction medicines—These medicines should not be used at the same time as sildenafil because the safety of using these medicines in combination has not been proven.
Nitrates, such as nitroglycerin (e.g., Nitrostat or Transderm-Nitro)—Sildenafil increases the lowering of blood pressure by nitrates too much and their use together is not recommended
Other medical problems—The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of sildenafil. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
Age greater than 50 years or
Coronary artery disease or
Diabetes or
Hyperlipidemia (excess of lipids in the blood) or
Hypertension (high blood pressure) or
Low cup to disc ratio (“crowded disc”) or
Smoking—These conditions may increase risk for a serious eye problem called NAION.
Arrhythmias (irregular heartbeat) or
Coronary artery disease or
Heart attack, history of (within the last 6 months) or
High blood pressure or
Low blood pressure or
Stroke, history of (within the last 6 months)—Chance of problems occurring may be increased
Abnormal penis, including curved penis and birth defects of the penis—Chance of problems occurring may be increased
Bleeding problems or
Retinitis pigmentosa—Chance of problems occurring may be increased. It is not known if the medicine is safe for use in these patients
Conditions causing thickened blood or slower blood flow, including leukemia; multiple myeloma (tumors of the bone marrow); or polycythemia, sickle cell disease, and thrombocythemia (blood problems) or
Priapism (history of)—Although sildenafil does not cause priapism (erection lasting longer than 6 hours), patients with these conditions have an increased risk of priapism and it could occur while using sildenafil
Heart or blood disease—Sexual activity increases the heart rate and blood flow and can increase the chance of problems occurring for some patients who use any type of medicine, including sildenafil, that increases sexual ability
Kidney problems (severe) or
Liver problems (severe)—Chance of problems occurring may be increased. Lower starting doses may be used and doses increased as needed and as tolerated
NAION (serious eye condition) in one or both eyes, previously—May increase your chance of getting NAION again.
Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (high blood pressure in the blood vessels of the lungs)—May make heart problems worse in patients with this serious condition
Allergies—Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to sildenafil. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes.
Pregnancy—Sildenafil is not indicated for use in women. Sildenafil has not been studied in pregnant women. However, sildenafil has not been shown to cause birth defects or other problems in animal studies.
Breast-feeding—It is not known whether sildenafil passes into breast milk. Sildenafil is not indicated for use in women for erectile dysfunction. Mothers who are taking this medicine for pulmonary arterial hypertension and who wish to breast-feed should discuss this with their doctor.
Older adults—Elderly people are especially sensitive to the effects of sildenafil, which may increase their chance of having side effects. Patients 65 years of age and older who are taking this medicine for erectile dysfunction are started on a low dose, 25 mg, of sildenafil. Patients who are taking this medicine for pulmonary arterial hypertension may also need to be started at a lower dose. The dose may be increased by a doctor as needed and tolerated.
Other medicines—Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking sildenafil, it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following:
Alpha-blockers (medicine for high blood pressure—Sildenafil when taken together with an alpha-blocker medicine may cause very low blood pressure. Sildenafil doses above 25 mg should not be taken within 4 hours of taking an alpha-blocker medicine.
Bosentan (e.g., Tracleer)—May increase amounts of bosentan in the body
Cimetidine (e.g., Tagamet)
Erythromycin (e.g., E.E.S. or Ery-Tab)
Itraconazole (e.g., Sporanox)
Ketaconazole (e.g., Nizoral)
Mibefradil (e.g., Posicor)
Ritonavir (e.g., Norvir)
Saquinavir (e.g., Fortovase or Invirase)—These medicines may increase the unwanted effects of sildenafil, unless lower starting doses of sildenafil are used
Erectile dysfunction medicines—These medicines should not be used at the same time as sildenafil because the safety of using these medicines in combination has not been proven.
Nitrates, such as nitroglycerin (e.g., Nitrostat or Transderm-Nitro)—Sildenafil increases the lowering of blood pressure by nitrates too much and their use together is not recommended
Other medical problems—The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of sildenafil. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
Age greater than 50 years or
Coronary artery disease or
Diabetes or
Hyperlipidemia (excess of lipids in the blood) or
Hypertension (high blood pressure) or
Low cup to disc ratio (“crowded disc”) or
Smoking—These conditions may increase risk for a serious eye problem called NAION.
Arrhythmias (irregular heartbeat) or
Coronary artery disease or
Heart attack, history of (within the last 6 months) or
High blood pressure or
Low blood pressure or
Stroke, history of (within the last 6 months)—Chance of problems occurring may be increased
Abnormal penis, including curved penis and birth defects of the penis—Chance of problems occurring may be increased
Bleeding problems or
Retinitis pigmentosa—Chance of problems occurring may be increased. It is not known if the medicine is safe for use in these patients
Conditions causing thickened blood or slower blood flow, including leukemia; multiple myeloma (tumors of the bone marrow); or polycythemia, sickle cell disease, and thrombocythemia (blood problems) or
Priapism (history of)—Although sildenafil does not cause priapism (erection lasting longer than 6 hours), patients with these conditions have an increased risk of priapism and it could occur while using sildenafil
Heart or blood disease—Sexual activity increases the heart rate and blood flow and can increase the chance of problems occurring for some patients who use any type of medicine, including sildenafil, that increases sexual ability
Kidney problems (severe) or
Liver problems (severe)—Chance of problems occurring may be increased. Lower starting doses may be used and doses increased as needed and as tolerated
NAION (serious eye condition) in one or both eyes, previously—May increase your chance of getting NAION again.
Pulmonary veno-occlusive disease (high blood pressure in the blood vessels of the lungs)—May make heart problems worse in patients with this serious condition
Description viagra
Sildenafil (sil-DEN-a-fil) belongs to a group of medicines that delay the enzymes called phosphodiesterases from working too quickly. The penis is one of the areas where these enzymes work. Sildenafil is used to treat men who have erectile dysfunction (also called sexual impotence).
By controlling the enzyme phosphodiesterase, sildenafil helps to maintain an erection that is produced when the penis is stroked. Without physical action to the penis, such as that occurring during sexual intercourse, sildenafil will not work to cause an erection.
Sildenafil is also used to treat the symptoms of pulmonary arterial hypertension. This is the high blood pressure that occurs in the main artery that carries blood from the right side of the heart (the ventricle) to the lungs. When the smaller blood vessels in the lungs become more resistant to blood flow, the right ventricle must work harder to pump enough blood through the lungs. Sildenafil helps by increasing the supply of blood to the lungs and reducing the workload of the heart.
This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form(s):
Oral
Tablets (U.S.)
By controlling the enzyme phosphodiesterase, sildenafil helps to maintain an erection that is produced when the penis is stroked. Without physical action to the penis, such as that occurring during sexual intercourse, sildenafil will not work to cause an erection.
Sildenafil is also used to treat the symptoms of pulmonary arterial hypertension. This is the high blood pressure that occurs in the main artery that carries blood from the right side of the heart (the ventricle) to the lungs. When the smaller blood vessels in the lungs become more resistant to blood flow, the right ventricle must work harder to pump enough blood through the lungs. Sildenafil helps by increasing the supply of blood to the lungs and reducing the workload of the heart.
This medicine is available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage form(s):
Oral
Tablets (U.S.)
How should you take Viagra?
Taking Viagra approximately 1 hour before sexual activity works best for most men. Depending on how and when the drug works for you, an interval of one-half hour to as much as 4 hours may prove ideal.
--If you miss a dose...
Viagra is not for regular use. Take it only before sexual activity.
--Storage instructions...
Store at room temperature.
--If you miss a dose...
Viagra is not for regular use. Take it only before sexual activity.
--Storage instructions...
Store at room temperature.
Why should Viagra not be prescribed?
Do not take Viagra if you are taking any nitrate-based drug, including nitroglycerin patches (Nitro-Dur, Transderm-Nitro), nitroglycerin ointment (Nitro-Bid, Nitrol), nitroglycerin pills (Nitro-Bid, Nitrostat), and isosorbide pills (Dilatrate-SR, Isordil, Sorbitrate). Combining Viagra with these drugs can cause a severe drop in blood pressure.
If Viagra gives you an allergic reaction, do not use it again.
If Viagra gives you an allergic reaction, do not use it again.
Recommended dosage
Doses range from 25 milligrams to 100 milligrams, depending on the drug's effect. The usual dose is 50 milligrams. If you are over 65, have liver or kidney problems, or are taking erythromycin, ketoconazole, itraconazole, ritonavir, or saquinavir a dose of 25 milligrams may be sufficient. Your doctor will adjust the dosage if the drug is not working properly for you.
Take Viagra only before sexual activity. The manufacturer recommends a maximum of 1 dose per day (1 dose every 2 days for those taking ritonavir).
To avoid low blood pressure, do not take the 50-milligram or 100-milligram dose of Viagra within 4 hours of taking an alpha-blocking drug such as Cardura.
Take Viagra only before sexual activity. The manufacturer recommends a maximum of 1 dose per day (1 dose every 2 days for those taking ritonavir).
To avoid low blood pressure, do not take the 50-milligram or 100-milligram dose of Viagra within 4 hours of taking an alpha-blocking drug such as Cardura.
Possible food and drug interactions when taking Viagra
If Viagra is taken with certain other drugs, the effects of either could be increased, decreased, or altered. It is especially important to check with your doctor before combining Viagra with the following:
Other impotence remedies including Caverject and Muse
Alpha-blockers such as doxazosin (Cardura)
Amlodipine (Norvasc)
Cimetidine (Tagamet)
Erythromycin (E-Mycin, Ery-Tab, PCE)
Itraconazole (Sporanox)
Ketoconazole (Nizoral)
Nitrates such as Isordil, Nitro-Bid, and Nitro-Dur
Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane)
Ritonavir (Norvir)
Saquinavir (Fortovase, Invirase)
Other impotence remedies including Caverject and Muse
Alpha-blockers such as doxazosin (Cardura)
Amlodipine (Norvasc)
Cimetidine (Tagamet)
Erythromycin (E-Mycin, Ery-Tab, PCE)
Itraconazole (Sporanox)
Ketoconazole (Nizoral)
Nitrates such as Isordil, Nitro-Bid, and Nitro-Dur
Rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane)
Ritonavir (Norvir)
Saquinavir (Fortovase, Invirase)
Special warnings about Viagra
If you have heart problems severe enough to make sexual activity a danger, you should avoid using Viagra. Use it cautiously--if at all--if you've had a heart attack, stroke, or life-threatening heart irregularities within the past 6 months. Be equally cautious if you have severe high or low blood pressure, heart failure, or unstable angina (crushing heart pain that occurs at any time).
If you take Viagra and develop cardiac symptoms (for example, dizziness, nausea, and chest pain) during sexual activity, do not continue. Alert your doctor to the problem as soon as possible.
If you have a condition that might result in long-lasting erections, such as sickle cell anemia, multiple myeloma (a disease of the bone marrow), or leukemia, use Viagra with caution. Also use cautiously if you have a genital problem or deformity such as Peyronie's disease. If an erection lasts more than 4 hours, seek treatment immediately. Permanent damage and impotence could result.
If you have a bleeding disorder, a stomach ulcer, or the inherited eye condition known as retinitis pigmentosa, use Viagra with caution. Its safety under these circumstances has not yet been studied.
To avoid low blood pressure, do not take the 50-milligram or 100-milligram dose of Viagra within 4 hours of taking an alpha-blocking drug such as Cardura.
Remember that Viagra offers no protection from transmission of sexually transmitted diseases, such as HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.
If you take Viagra and develop cardiac symptoms (for example, dizziness, nausea, and chest pain) during sexual activity, do not continue. Alert your doctor to the problem as soon as possible.
If you have a condition that might result in long-lasting erections, such as sickle cell anemia, multiple myeloma (a disease of the bone marrow), or leukemia, use Viagra with caution. Also use cautiously if you have a genital problem or deformity such as Peyronie's disease. If an erection lasts more than 4 hours, seek treatment immediately. Permanent damage and impotence could result.
If you have a bleeding disorder, a stomach ulcer, or the inherited eye condition known as retinitis pigmentosa, use Viagra with caution. Its safety under these circumstances has not yet been studied.
To avoid low blood pressure, do not take the 50-milligram or 100-milligram dose of Viagra within 4 hours of taking an alpha-blocking drug such as Cardura.
Remember that Viagra offers no protection from transmission of sexually transmitted diseases, such as HIV, the virus that causes AIDS.
Viagra Description
VIAGRA®, an oral therapy for erectile dysfunction, is the citrate salt of sildenafil, a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5).
Sildenafil citrate is designated chemically as 1 - [[3 - (6,7 - dihydro - 1 - methyl - 7 - oxo - 3 - propyl - 1H - pyrazolo[4,3 - d]pyrimidin - 5 - yl) - 4 - ethoxyphenyl]sulfonyl] - 4 - methylpiperazine citrate.
Sildenafil citrate is a white to off-white crystalline powder with a solubility of 3.5 mg/mL in water and a molecular weight of 666.7. VIAGRA (sildenafil citrate) is formulated as blue, film-coated rounded-diamond-shaped tablets equivalent to 25 mg, 50 mg and 100 mg of sildenafil for oral administration. In addition to the active ingredient, sildenafil citrate, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: microcrystalline cellulose, anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate, croscarmellose sodium, magnesium stearate, hypromellose, titanium dioxide, lactose, triacetin, and FD & C Blue #2 aluminum lake.
Sildenafil citrate is designated chemically as 1 - [[3 - (6,7 - dihydro - 1 - methyl - 7 - oxo - 3 - propyl - 1H - pyrazolo[4,3 - d]pyrimidin - 5 - yl) - 4 - ethoxyphenyl]sulfonyl] - 4 - methylpiperazine citrate.
Sildenafil citrate is a white to off-white crystalline powder with a solubility of 3.5 mg/mL in water and a molecular weight of 666.7. VIAGRA (sildenafil citrate) is formulated as blue, film-coated rounded-diamond-shaped tablets equivalent to 25 mg, 50 mg and 100 mg of sildenafil for oral administration. In addition to the active ingredient, sildenafil citrate, each tablet contains the following inactive ingredients: microcrystalline cellulose, anhydrous dibasic calcium phosphate, croscarmellose sodium, magnesium stearate, hypromellose, titanium dioxide, lactose, triacetin, and FD & C Blue #2 aluminum lake.
What other drugs will affect sildenafil?
Do not take sildenafil if you are also using a nitrate drug for chest pain or heart problems, including nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitrolingual, Nitro-Dur, Nitro-Bid, Minitran, Deponit, Transderm-Nitro), isosorbide dinitrate (Dilatrate-SR, Isordil, Sorbitrate), and isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur, ISMO, Monoket), or recreational drugs such as amyl nitrate or nitrite ("poppers").
Before taking sildenafil, tell your doctor if you are using any of the following medications:
bosentan (Tracleer);
cimetidine (Tagamet, Tagamet HB);
an antibiotic such as erythromycin (E-Mycin, Eryc, Ery-Tab) or clarithromycin (Biaxin);
doxazosin (Cardura), prazosin (Minipress), Terazosin (Hytrin);
HIV medicines such as amprenavir (Agenerase), tipranavir (Aptivus), darunavir (Prezista), efavirenz (Sustiva), nevirapine (Viramune), indinavir (Crixivan), saquinavir (Invirase, Fortovase), lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra), fosamprenavir (Lexiva), ritonavir (Norvir), atazanavir (Reyataz), or nelfinavir (Viracept);
an antifungal medication such as itraconazole (Sporanox) or ketoconazole (Nizoral);
carbamazepine (Tegretol), phenobarbital (Luminal), or phenytoin (Dilantin); or
rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane) or rifabutin (Mycobutin).
If you are using any of these drugs, you may not be able to take sildenafil, or you may need dosage adjustments or special tests during treatment.
There may be other drugs not listed that can affect sildenafil. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.
Before taking sildenafil, tell your doctor if you are using any of the following medications:
bosentan (Tracleer);
cimetidine (Tagamet, Tagamet HB);
an antibiotic such as erythromycin (E-Mycin, Eryc, Ery-Tab) or clarithromycin (Biaxin);
doxazosin (Cardura), prazosin (Minipress), Terazosin (Hytrin);
HIV medicines such as amprenavir (Agenerase), tipranavir (Aptivus), darunavir (Prezista), efavirenz (Sustiva), nevirapine (Viramune), indinavir (Crixivan), saquinavir (Invirase, Fortovase), lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra), fosamprenavir (Lexiva), ritonavir (Norvir), atazanavir (Reyataz), or nelfinavir (Viracept);
an antifungal medication such as itraconazole (Sporanox) or ketoconazole (Nizoral);
carbamazepine (Tegretol), phenobarbital (Luminal), or phenytoin (Dilantin); or
rifampin (Rifadin, Rimactane) or rifabutin (Mycobutin).
If you are using any of these drugs, you may not be able to take sildenafil, or you may need dosage adjustments or special tests during treatment.
There may be other drugs not listed that can affect sildenafil. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.
What are the possible side effects of sildenafil?
If you become dizzy or nauseated, or have pain, numbness, or tingling in your chest, arms, neck, or jaw during sexual activity, stop and call your doctor right away. You could be having a serious side effect of sildenafil. Stop using sildenafil and get emergency medical help if you have sudden vision loss. Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat.
Stop using sildenafil and call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:
chest pain or heavy feeling, pain spreading to the arm or shoulder, nausea, sweating, general ill feeling;
irregular heartbeat;
swelling in your hands, ankles, or feet;
shortness of breath;
vision changes;
feeling light-headed, fainting; or
penis erection that is painful or lasts 4 hours or longer.
Continue taking sildenafil and talk with your doctor if you have any of these less serious side effects:
warmth or redness in your face, neck, or chest;
stuffy nose;
headache;
upset stomach; or
back pain.
Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome.
Stop using sildenafil and call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:
chest pain or heavy feeling, pain spreading to the arm or shoulder, nausea, sweating, general ill feeling;
irregular heartbeat;
swelling in your hands, ankles, or feet;
shortness of breath;
vision changes;
feeling light-headed, fainting; or
penis erection that is painful or lasts 4 hours or longer.
Continue taking sildenafil and talk with your doctor if you have any of these less serious side effects:
warmth or redness in your face, neck, or chest;
stuffy nose;
headache;
upset stomach; or
back pain.
Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome.
What should I avoid while taking sildenafil?
Avoid drinking alcohol, which can increase some of the side effects of sildenafil. Avoid using other medicines to treat impotence, such as alprostadil (Caverject, Muse, Edex) or yohimbine (Yocon, Yodoxin, others), without first talking to your doctor.
What happens if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. Symptoms of a sildenafil overdose may include chest pain, nausea, irregular heartbeat, and feeling light-headed or fainting.
What happens if I miss a dose?
Viagra is used as needed, so you are not likely to miss a dose.
If you miss a dose of Revatio, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at the next regularly scheduled time. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
If you miss a dose of Revatio, take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at the next regularly scheduled time. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
How should I take sildenafil?
Take sildenafil exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not take it in larger doses or for longer than recommended by your doctor.
Revatio is usually taken three times each day, about 4 to 6 hours apart.
Viagra is usually taken only when needed, 30 minutes to 1 hour before sexual activity. You may take it up to 4 hours before sexual activity. Do not take Viagra more than once per day.
Viagra can help you have an erection when sexual stimulation occurs. An erection will not occur just by taking a pill. Follow your doctor's instructions.
If you become dizzy or nauseated, or have pain, numbness, or tingling in your chest, arms, neck, or jaw during sexual activity, stop and call your doctor right away. You could be having a serious side effect of sildenafil.
Store this medication at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
Revatio is usually taken three times each day, about 4 to 6 hours apart.
Viagra is usually taken only when needed, 30 minutes to 1 hour before sexual activity. You may take it up to 4 hours before sexual activity. Do not take Viagra more than once per day.
Viagra can help you have an erection when sexual stimulation occurs. An erection will not occur just by taking a pill. Follow your doctor's instructions.
If you become dizzy or nauseated, or have pain, numbness, or tingling in your chest, arms, neck, or jaw during sexual activity, stop and call your doctor right away. You could be having a serious side effect of sildenafil.
Store this medication at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking sildenafil?
Do not take sildenafil if you are also using a nitrate drug for chest pain or heart problems. This includes nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitrolingual, Nitro-Dur, Nitro-Bid, and others), isosorbide dinitrate (Dilatrate-SR, Isordil, Sorbitrate), and isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur, ISMO, Monoket). Nitrates are also found in some recreational drugs such as amyl nitrate or nitrite ("poppers"). Taking sildenafil with a nitrate medicine can cause a serious decrease in blood pressure, leading to fainting, stroke, or heart attack.
A small number of patients have had a sudden loss of eyesight after taking sildenafil. This type of vision loss is caused by decreased blood flow to the optic nerve of the eye. It is not clear whether sildenafil is the actual cause of such vision loss. Sudden vision loss with sildenafil use has occurred most often in people with heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or certain pre-existing eye problems, and in those who smoke or are over 50 years old.
Before taking sildenafil, tell your doctor if you have:
heart disease or heart rhythm problems;
a recent history (in the past 6 months) of a heart attack, stroke, or heart rhythm disorder;
congestive heart failure;
high or low blood pressure;
coronary artery disease;
liver disease;
kidney disease;
a blood cell disorder such as sickle cell anemia, multiple myeloma, or leukemia;
a bleeding disorder such as hemophilia;
a stomach ulcer;
retinitis pigmentosa (an inherited condition of the eye);
a physical deformity of the penis (such as Peyronie's disease); or
if you have been told you should not have sexual intercourse for health reasons.
If you have any of these conditions, you may not be able to use sildenafil or you may need a dosage adjustment or special tests during treatment.
FDA pregnancy category B: This medication is not expected to be harmful to an unborn baby. Do not use sildenafil without telling your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment. It is not known if sildenafil passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.
A small number of patients have had a sudden loss of eyesight after taking sildenafil. This type of vision loss is caused by decreased blood flow to the optic nerve of the eye. It is not clear whether sildenafil is the actual cause of such vision loss. Sudden vision loss with sildenafil use has occurred most often in people with heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or certain pre-existing eye problems, and in those who smoke or are over 50 years old.
Before taking sildenafil, tell your doctor if you have:
heart disease or heart rhythm problems;
a recent history (in the past 6 months) of a heart attack, stroke, or heart rhythm disorder;
congestive heart failure;
high or low blood pressure;
coronary artery disease;
liver disease;
kidney disease;
a blood cell disorder such as sickle cell anemia, multiple myeloma, or leukemia;
a bleeding disorder such as hemophilia;
a stomach ulcer;
retinitis pigmentosa (an inherited condition of the eye);
a physical deformity of the penis (such as Peyronie's disease); or
if you have been told you should not have sexual intercourse for health reasons.
If you have any of these conditions, you may not be able to use sildenafil or you may need a dosage adjustment or special tests during treatment.
FDA pregnancy category B: This medication is not expected to be harmful to an unborn baby. Do not use sildenafil without telling your doctor if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant during treatment. It is not known if sildenafil passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.
What is sildenafil?
Sildenafil relaxes muscles and increases blood flow to particular areas of the body.
Sildenafil under the name Viagra is used to treat erectile dysfunction (impotence) in men. Another brand of sildenafil is Revatio, which is used to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension and improve exercise capacity in men and women.
Sildenafil may also be used for purposes other than those listed here.
Sildenafil under the name Viagra is used to treat erectile dysfunction (impotence) in men. Another brand of sildenafil is Revatio, which is used to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension and improve exercise capacity in men and women.
Sildenafil may also be used for purposes other than those listed here.
What is the most important information I should know about sildenafil?
Do not take sildenafil if you are also using a nitrate drug for chest pain or heart problems. This includes nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitrolingual, Nitro-Dur, Nitro-Bid, and others), isosorbide dinitrate (Dilatrate-SR, Isordil, Sorbitrate), and isosorbide mononitrate (Imdur, ISMO, Monoket). Nitrates are also found in some recreational drugs such as amyl nitrate or nitrite ("poppers"). Taking sildenafil with a nitrate medicine can cause a serious decrease in blood pressure, leading to fainting, stroke, or heart attack. If you become dizzy or nauseated, or have pain, numbness, or tingling in your chest, arms, neck, or jaw during sexual activity, stop and call your doctor right away. You could be having a serious side effect of sildenafil. Do not take sildenafil more than once a day. Allow 24 hours to pass between doses. Contact your doctor or seek emergency medical attention if your erection is painful or lasts longer than 4 hours. A prolonged erection (priapism) can damage the penis.
A small number of patients have had a sudden loss of eyesight after taking sildenafil. This type of vision loss is caused by decreased blood flow to the optic nerve of the eye. It is not clear whether sildenafil is the actual cause of such vision loss. Sudden vision loss with sildenafil use has occurred most often in people with heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or certain pre-existing eye problems, and in those who smoke or are over 50 years old.
Stop using sildenafil and get emergency medical help if you have sudden vision loss.
A small number of patients have had a sudden loss of eyesight after taking sildenafil. This type of vision loss is caused by decreased blood flow to the optic nerve of the eye. It is not clear whether sildenafil is the actual cause of such vision loss. Sudden vision loss with sildenafil use has occurred most often in people with heart disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or certain pre-existing eye problems, and in those who smoke or are over 50 years old.
Stop using sildenafil and get emergency medical help if you have sudden vision loss.
Possible side effects of Viagra
All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:
Back pain; diarrhea; dizziness; flushing; headache; indigestion; joint pain; lightheadedness; nasal stuffiness; vision changes (eg, blurred vision, sensitivity to light, impaired blue/green color discrimination).
Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:
Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); changes in heartbeat; chest pain; fainting; nausea; painful or prolonged erection (lasting more than 4 hours); severe dizziness; sudden decrease or loss of vision in one or both eyes; urinary tract infection.
This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions or need medical advice about side effects, contact your doctor or health care provider. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 (1-800-332-1088) or at http://www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Back pain; diarrhea; dizziness; flushing; headache; indigestion; joint pain; lightheadedness; nasal stuffiness; vision changes (eg, blurred vision, sensitivity to light, impaired blue/green color discrimination).
Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:
Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); changes in heartbeat; chest pain; fainting; nausea; painful or prolonged erection (lasting more than 4 hours); severe dizziness; sudden decrease or loss of vision in one or both eyes; urinary tract infection.
This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions or need medical advice about side effects, contact your doctor or health care provider. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 (1-800-332-1088) or at http://www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Important safety information
Viagra may cause dizziness, blurred vision, fainting, or lightheadedness. Do not drive, operate machinery, or do anything else that could be dangerous until you know how you react to Viagra . Using Viagra alone, with certain other medicines, or with alcohol may lessen your ability to drive or perform other potentially dangerous tasks.
To minimize dizziness or lightheadedness, sit up or stand slowly when rising from a seated or lying position.
Viagra may rarely cause a painful penile erection, which can last for long periods of time and is not related to sexual activity. If not treated immediately, this may lead to permanent erectile dysfunction or impotence (not being able to have or maintain an erection for sexual purposes.
Do not use Viagra if your doctor has advised you to avoid sexual activity because of heart problems.
Viagra does not protect against sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV infection. Use "safe sex" practices such as latex condoms.
Use Viagra with caution in the ELDERLY because they may be more sensitive to its effects.
Viagra is not recommended for use in CHILDREN.
PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: It is not known if Viagra can cause harm to the developing fetus. If you become pregnant while taking Viagra , discuss with your doctor the benefits and risks of using Viagra during pregnancy. It is unknown if Viagra is excreted in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you are using Viagra , check with your doctor or pharmacist to discuss the risks to your baby.
To minimize dizziness or lightheadedness, sit up or stand slowly when rising from a seated or lying position.
Viagra may rarely cause a painful penile erection, which can last for long periods of time and is not related to sexual activity. If not treated immediately, this may lead to permanent erectile dysfunction or impotence (not being able to have or maintain an erection for sexual purposes.
Do not use Viagra if your doctor has advised you to avoid sexual activity because of heart problems.
Viagra does not protect against sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV infection. Use "safe sex" practices such as latex condoms.
Use Viagra with caution in the ELDERLY because they may be more sensitive to its effects.
Viagra is not recommended for use in CHILDREN.
PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: It is not known if Viagra can cause harm to the developing fetus. If you become pregnant while taking Viagra , discuss with your doctor the benefits and risks of using Viagra during pregnancy. It is unknown if Viagra is excreted in breast milk. If you are or will be breast-feeding while you are using Viagra , check with your doctor or pharmacist to discuss the risks to your baby.
How to use Viagra
Use Viagra as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
Viagra comes with an additional patient leaflet. Read it carefully and reread it each time you get Viagra refilled.
Taking Viagra with a high-fat meal may delay the time of onset of Viagra .
Take Viagra by mouth as needed between 4 hours and 30 minutes before sexual activity (about 1 hour before is most effective).
Do not take Viagra more often than once daily as needed.
If you are taking Viagra in doses greater than 25 mg, do not take an alpha-blocker (eg, doxazosin) within 4 hours of taking Viagra . Taking these medicines at the same time may cause very serious side effects such as severe low blood pressure.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Viagra .
Viagra comes with an additional patient leaflet. Read it carefully and reread it each time you get Viagra refilled.
Taking Viagra with a high-fat meal may delay the time of onset of Viagra .
Take Viagra by mouth as needed between 4 hours and 30 minutes before sexual activity (about 1 hour before is most effective).
Do not take Viagra more often than once daily as needed.
If you are taking Viagra in doses greater than 25 mg, do not take an alpha-blocker (eg, doxazosin) within 4 hours of taking Viagra . Taking these medicines at the same time may cause very serious side effects such as severe low blood pressure.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Viagra .
Before using Viagra
Some medical conditions may interact with Viagra . Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:
if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement
if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances
if you have life-threatening irregular heartbeat, uncontrolled high blood pressure, cancer of the blood (eg, leukemia, myeloma), bleeding disorders, or an active stomach ulcer
if you have a deformed penis or conditions that may cause a prolonged erection (eg, sickle cell anemia)
if you have kidney problems, bleeding disorders, active stomach ulcers, eye problems (eg, retina diseases like retinitis pigmentosa), or if you have ever had severe loss of vision
Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Viagra . Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:
Alpha-blockers (eg, prazosin), azole antifungals (eg, itraconazole), barbiturates (eg, phenobarbital), carbamazepine, delavirdine, H2 antagonists (eg, famotidine), HIV protease inhibitors (eg, indinavir), hydantoins (eg, phenytoin), ketolides (eg, telithromycin), macrolides (eg, erythromycin), mibefradil, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (eg, efavirenz), rifabutin, rifampin, or ritonavir because side effects of Viagra may be increased
Anticoagulants (eg, warfarin), nitrates (eg, isosorbide ), nitroglycerin (eg, tablet, patch, ointment), or nitroprusside because the risk of side effects such as bleeding or severe low blood pressure may be increased
Bosentan because side effects may be increased by Viagra
This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Viagra may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.
if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement
if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances
if you have life-threatening irregular heartbeat, uncontrolled high blood pressure, cancer of the blood (eg, leukemia, myeloma), bleeding disorders, or an active stomach ulcer
if you have a deformed penis or conditions that may cause a prolonged erection (eg, sickle cell anemia)
if you have kidney problems, bleeding disorders, active stomach ulcers, eye problems (eg, retina diseases like retinitis pigmentosa), or if you have ever had severe loss of vision
Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with Viagra . Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:
Alpha-blockers (eg, prazosin), azole antifungals (eg, itraconazole), barbiturates (eg, phenobarbital), carbamazepine, delavirdine, H2 antagonists (eg, famotidine), HIV protease inhibitors (eg, indinavir), hydantoins (eg, phenytoin), ketolides (eg, telithromycin), macrolides (eg, erythromycin), mibefradil, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (eg, efavirenz), rifabutin, rifampin, or ritonavir because side effects of Viagra may be increased
Anticoagulants (eg, warfarin), nitrates (eg, isosorbide ), nitroglycerin (eg, tablet, patch, ointment), or nitroprusside because the risk of side effects such as bleeding or severe low blood pressure may be increased
Bosentan because side effects may be increased by Viagra
This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Viagra may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.
Viagra is used for...
Viagra is used for:
Treating sexual function problems in men, such as impotence or erectile dysfunction, and other conditions as determined by your doctor.
Viagra is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. It works by helping the blood flow into the penis to achieve and maintain an erection.
Treating sexual function problems in men, such as impotence or erectile dysfunction, and other conditions as determined by your doctor.
Viagra is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. It works by helping the blood flow into the penis to achieve and maintain an erection.
Viagra is used for...
Viagra is used for:
Treating sexual function problems in men, such as impotence or erectile dysfunction, and other conditions as determined by your doctor.
Viagra is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. It works by helping the blood flow into the penis to achieve and maintain an erection.
Treating sexual function problems in men, such as impotence or erectile dysfunction, and other conditions as determined by your doctor.
Viagra is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. It works by helping the blood flow into the penis to achieve and maintain an erection.
Tuesday, May 22, 2007
Why is Valium prescribed?
Valium is used in the treatment of anxiety disorders and for short-term relief of the symptoms of anxiety. It belongs to a class of drugs known as benzodiazepines.
It is also used to relieve the symptoms of acute alcohol withdrawal, to relax muscles, to relieve the uncontrolled muscle movements caused by cerebral palsy and paralysis of the lower body and limbs, to control involuntary movement of the hands (athetosis), to relax tight, aching muscles, and, along with other medications, to treat convulsive disorders such as epilepsy.
It is also used to relieve the symptoms of acute alcohol withdrawal, to relax muscles, to relieve the uncontrolled muscle movements caused by cerebral palsy and paralysis of the lower body and limbs, to control involuntary movement of the hands (athetosis), to relax tight, aching muscles, and, along with other medications, to treat convulsive disorders such as epilepsy.
Most important fact about Valium
Valium can be habit-forming or addictive. You may experience withdrawal symptoms if you stop using Valium abruptly. Discontinue or change your dose only on your doctor's advice.
How should you take Valium?
Take Valium exactly as prescribed. If you are taking Valium for epilepsy, make sure you take it every day at the same time.
--If you miss a dose...
Take it as soon as you remember if it is within an hour or so of the scheduled time. If you do not remember until later, skip the dose you missed and go back to your regular schedule. Never take 2 doses at the same time.
--Storage instructions...
Store away from heat, light, and moisture.
--If you miss a dose...
Take it as soon as you remember if it is within an hour or so of the scheduled time. If you do not remember until later, skip the dose you missed and go back to your regular schedule. Never take 2 doses at the same time.
--Storage instructions...
Store away from heat, light, and moisture.
What side effects may occur?
Side effects cannot be anticipated. If any develop or change in intensity, inform your doctor as soon as possible. Only your doctor can determine if it is safe for you to continue taking Valium.
More common side effects may include:
Anxiety, drowsiness, fatigue, light-headedness, loss of muscle coordination
Side effects due to a rapid decrease in dose or abrupt withdrawal from Valium:
Abdominal and muscle cramps, convulsions, sweating, tremors, vomiting
More common side effects may include:
Anxiety, drowsiness, fatigue, light-headedness, loss of muscle coordination
Side effects due to a rapid decrease in dose or abrupt withdrawal from Valium:
Abdominal and muscle cramps, convulsions, sweating, tremors, vomiting
Why should Valium not be prescribed?
If you are sensitive to or have ever had an allergic reaction to Valium, you should not take Valium.
Do not take Valium if you have the eye condition known as acute narrow-angle glaucoma.
Anxiety or tension related to everyday stress usually does not require treatment with such a powerful drug as Valium. Discuss your symptoms thoroughly with your doctor.
Valium should not be prescribed if you are being treated for mental disorders more serious than anxiety.
Do not take Valium if you have the eye condition known as acute narrow-angle glaucoma.
Anxiety or tension related to everyday stress usually does not require treatment with such a powerful drug as Valium. Discuss your symptoms thoroughly with your doctor.
Valium should not be prescribed if you are being treated for mental disorders more serious than anxiety.
Special warnings about Valium
Valium may cause you to become drowsy or less alert; therefore, you should not drive or operate dangerous machinery or participate in any hazardous activity that requires full mental alertness until you know how Valium affects you.
If you have liver or kidney problems, use Valium cautiously.
If you have liver or kidney problems, use Valium cautiously.
Possible food and drug interactions when taking Valium
Valium slows down the central nervous system and may intensify the effects of alcohol. Do not drink alcohol while taking Valium.
If Valium is taken with certain other drugs, the effects of either could be increased, decreased, or altered. It is especially important to check with your doctor before combining Valium with any of the following:
Antiseizure drugs such as Dilantin
Antidepressant drugs such as Elavil and Prozac
Antipsychotic drugs such as Mellaril and chlorpromazine
Barbiturates such as phenobarbital
Cimetidine (Tagamet)
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
Disulfiram (Antabuse)
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Isoniazid (Rifamate)
Levodopa (Larodopa, Sinemet)
MAO inhibitors (antidepressant drugs such as Nardil)
Narcotics such as Percocet
Omeprazole (Prilosec)
Oral contraceptives
Propoxyphene (Darvon)
Ranitidine (Zantac)
Rifampin (Rifadin)
If Valium is taken with certain other drugs, the effects of either could be increased, decreased, or altered. It is especially important to check with your doctor before combining Valium with any of the following:
Antiseizure drugs such as Dilantin
Antidepressant drugs such as Elavil and Prozac
Antipsychotic drugs such as Mellaril and chlorpromazine
Barbiturates such as phenobarbital
Cimetidine (Tagamet)
Digoxin (Lanoxin)
Disulfiram (Antabuse)
Fluoxetine (Prozac)
Isoniazid (Rifamate)
Levodopa (Larodopa, Sinemet)
MAO inhibitors (antidepressant drugs such as Nardil)
Narcotics such as Percocet
Omeprazole (Prilosec)
Oral contraceptives
Propoxyphene (Darvon)
Ranitidine (Zantac)
Rifampin (Rifadin)
Special information if you are pregnant or breastfeeding
Do not take Valium if you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant. There is an increased risk of birth defects.
If Valium is essential to your health, your doctor may advise you to discontinue breastfeeding until your treatment is finished.
If Valium is essential to your health, your doctor may advise you to discontinue breastfeeding until your treatment is finished.
Recommended dosage Valium
ADULTS
Treatment of Anxiety Disorders and Short-Term Relief of the Symptoms of Anxiety
The usual dose, depending upon severity of symptoms, is 2 milligrams to 10 milligrams 2 to 4 times daily.
Acute Alcohol Withdrawal
The usual dose is 10 milligrams 3 or 4 times during the first 24 hours, then 5 milligrams 3 or 4 times daily as needed.
Relief of Muscle Spasm
The usual dose is 2 milligrams to 10 milligrams 3 or 4 times daily.
Convulsive Disorders
The usual dose is 2 milligrams to 10 milligrams 2 to 4 times daily.
CHILDREN
Valium should not be given to children under 6 months of age.
The usual starting dose for children over 6 months is 1 to 2.5 milligrams 3 or 4 times a day. Your doctor may increase the dosage gradually if needed.
OLDER ADULTS
The usual dosage is 2 milligrams to 2.5 milligrams once or twice a day, which your doctor will increase as needed. Your doctor will limit the dosage to the smallest effective amount because older people are more apt to become oversedated or uncoordinated.
Treatment of Anxiety Disorders and Short-Term Relief of the Symptoms of Anxiety
The usual dose, depending upon severity of symptoms, is 2 milligrams to 10 milligrams 2 to 4 times daily.
Acute Alcohol Withdrawal
The usual dose is 10 milligrams 3 or 4 times during the first 24 hours, then 5 milligrams 3 or 4 times daily as needed.
Relief of Muscle Spasm
The usual dose is 2 milligrams to 10 milligrams 3 or 4 times daily.
Convulsive Disorders
The usual dose is 2 milligrams to 10 milligrams 2 to 4 times daily.
CHILDREN
Valium should not be given to children under 6 months of age.
The usual starting dose for children over 6 months is 1 to 2.5 milligrams 3 or 4 times a day. Your doctor may increase the dosage gradually if needed.
OLDER ADULTS
The usual dosage is 2 milligrams to 2.5 milligrams once or twice a day, which your doctor will increase as needed. Your doctor will limit the dosage to the smallest effective amount because older people are more apt to become oversedated or uncoordinated.
What other drugs will affect diazepam?
Before taking diazepam, tell your doctor if you take any other seizure medications, or if you are using any of the following drugs:
cimetidine (Tagamet);
a barbiturate such as amobarbital (Amytal), butabarbital (Butisol), mephobarbital (Mebaral), secobarbital (Seconal), or phenobarbital (Luminal, Solfoton);
an MAO inhibitor such as isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam), or tranylcypromine (Parnate);
medicines to treat psychiatric disorders, such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine), haloperidol (Haldol), mesoridazine (Serentil), pimozide (Orap), or thioridazine (Mellaril);
narcotic medications such as butorphanol (Stadol), codeine, hydrocodone (Loratab, Vicodin), levorphanol (Levo-Dromoran), meperidine (Demerol), methadone (Dolophine, Methadose), morphine (Kadian, MS Contin, Oramorph), naloxone (Narcan), oxycodone (OxyContin), propoxyphene (Darvon, Darvocet); or
antidepressants such as amitriptyline (Elavil, Etrafon), amoxapine (Ascendin), citalopram (Celexa), clomipramine (Anafranil), desipramine (Norpramin), doxepin (Sinequan), escitalopram (Lexapro), fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem), fluvoxamine (Luvox), imipramine (Janimine, Tofranil), nortriptyline (Pamelor), paroxetine (Paxil), protriptyline (Vivactil), sertraline (Zoloft), or trimipramine (Surmontil).
If you are using any of these drugs, you may not be able to use diazepam, or you may need dosage adjustments or special tests during treatment.
There may be other drugs not listed that can affect diazepam. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.
cimetidine (Tagamet);
a barbiturate such as amobarbital (Amytal), butabarbital (Butisol), mephobarbital (Mebaral), secobarbital (Seconal), or phenobarbital (Luminal, Solfoton);
an MAO inhibitor such as isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam), or tranylcypromine (Parnate);
medicines to treat psychiatric disorders, such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine), haloperidol (Haldol), mesoridazine (Serentil), pimozide (Orap), or thioridazine (Mellaril);
narcotic medications such as butorphanol (Stadol), codeine, hydrocodone (Loratab, Vicodin), levorphanol (Levo-Dromoran), meperidine (Demerol), methadone (Dolophine, Methadose), morphine (Kadian, MS Contin, Oramorph), naloxone (Narcan), oxycodone (OxyContin), propoxyphene (Darvon, Darvocet); or
antidepressants such as amitriptyline (Elavil, Etrafon), amoxapine (Ascendin), citalopram (Celexa), clomipramine (Anafranil), desipramine (Norpramin), doxepin (Sinequan), escitalopram (Lexapro), fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem), fluvoxamine (Luvox), imipramine (Janimine, Tofranil), nortriptyline (Pamelor), paroxetine (Paxil), protriptyline (Vivactil), sertraline (Zoloft), or trimipramine (Surmontil).
If you are using any of these drugs, you may not be able to use diazepam, or you may need dosage adjustments or special tests during treatment.
There may be other drugs not listed that can affect diazepam. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.
What are the possible side effects of diazepam?
Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:
confusion, unusual thoughts or behavior;
unusual risk-taking behavior, decreased inhibitions, no fear of danger;
depressed mood, thoughts of suicide or hurting yourself;
hyperactivity, agitation, hostility;
hallucinations;
feeling light-headed, fainting;
muscle twitching, tremor;
fever, chills, body aches, flu symptoms;
jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); or
urinating less than usual or not at all.
Less serious side effects are more likely to occur, such as:
drowsiness, tiredness;
blurred vision;
sleep problems (insomnia);
muscle weakness, lack of balance or coordination;
slurred speech;
nausea, vomiting, constipation;
headache;
drooling;
skin rash; or
loss of interest in sex.
Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome.
confusion, unusual thoughts or behavior;
unusual risk-taking behavior, decreased inhibitions, no fear of danger;
depressed mood, thoughts of suicide or hurting yourself;
hyperactivity, agitation, hostility;
hallucinations;
feeling light-headed, fainting;
muscle twitching, tremor;
fever, chills, body aches, flu symptoms;
jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes); or
urinating less than usual or not at all.
Less serious side effects are more likely to occur, such as:
drowsiness, tiredness;
blurred vision;
sleep problems (insomnia);
muscle weakness, lack of balance or coordination;
slurred speech;
nausea, vomiting, constipation;
headache;
drooling;
skin rash; or
loss of interest in sex.
Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome.
What should I avoid while taking diazepam?
Do not drink alcohol while taking diazepam. This medication can increase the effects of alcohol. Diazepam can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert.
Avoid using other medicines that make you sleepy (such as cold medicine, pain medication, muscle relaxers, and medicine for seizures, depression or anxiety). They can increase some of the side effects of diazepam.
Avoid using other medicines that make you sleepy (such as cold medicine, pain medication, muscle relaxers, and medicine for seizures, depression or anxiety). They can increase some of the side effects of diazepam.
What happens if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. An overdose of diazepam can be fatal.
Symptoms of a diazepam overdose may include extreme drowsiness, confusion, muscle weakness, fainting, or coma.
Symptoms of a diazepam overdose may include extreme drowsiness, confusion, muscle weakness, fainting, or coma.
What happens if I miss a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at your next regularly scheduled time. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
How should I take diazepam?
Take this medication exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not take the medication in larger amounts, or take it for longer than recommended by your doctor. Follow the directions on your prescription label.
Your doctor may occasionally change your dose to make sure you get the best results from this medication.
Do not crush, chew, break, or open an extended-release capsule. Swallow the pill whole. It is specially made to release medicine slowly in the body. Breaking or opening the pill would cause too much of the drug to be released at one time.
Measure the liquid form of diazepam with a special dose-measuring spoon or cup, not a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.
Diazepam should be used for only a short time. Do not take this medication for longer than 4 months without your doctor's advice. Diazepam may be habit-forming and should be used only by the person it was prescribed for. Diazepam should never be shared with another person, especially someone who has a history of drug abuse or addiction. Keep the medication in a secure place where others cannot get to it. Contact your doctor if this medicine seems to stop working as well in treating your symptoms. Do not stop using diazepam suddenly without first talking to your doctor. You may need to use less and less before you stop the medication completely.
Your symptoms may return when you stop using diazepam after using it over a long period of time. You may also have seizures or withdrawal symptoms when you stop using diazepam. Withdrawal symptoms may include tremor, sweating, trouble sleeping, muscle cramps, stomach pain, vomiting, unusual thoughts or behavior, and seizure (convulsions).
To be sure this medication is not causing harmful effects, your blood and liver function may need to be tested on a regular basis. Do not miss any scheduled visits to your doctor.
Store diazepam at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.
Keep track of how many pills have been used from each new bottle of this medicine. Benzodiazepines are drugs of abuse and you should be aware if any person in the household is using this medicine improperly or without a prescription.
Your doctor may occasionally change your dose to make sure you get the best results from this medication.
Do not crush, chew, break, or open an extended-release capsule. Swallow the pill whole. It is specially made to release medicine slowly in the body. Breaking or opening the pill would cause too much of the drug to be released at one time.
Measure the liquid form of diazepam with a special dose-measuring spoon or cup, not a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.
Diazepam should be used for only a short time. Do not take this medication for longer than 4 months without your doctor's advice. Diazepam may be habit-forming and should be used only by the person it was prescribed for. Diazepam should never be shared with another person, especially someone who has a history of drug abuse or addiction. Keep the medication in a secure place where others cannot get to it. Contact your doctor if this medicine seems to stop working as well in treating your symptoms. Do not stop using diazepam suddenly without first talking to your doctor. You may need to use less and less before you stop the medication completely.
Your symptoms may return when you stop using diazepam after using it over a long period of time. You may also have seizures or withdrawal symptoms when you stop using diazepam. Withdrawal symptoms may include tremor, sweating, trouble sleeping, muscle cramps, stomach pain, vomiting, unusual thoughts or behavior, and seizure (convulsions).
To be sure this medication is not causing harmful effects, your blood and liver function may need to be tested on a regular basis. Do not miss any scheduled visits to your doctor.
Store diazepam at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light.
Keep track of how many pills have been used from each new bottle of this medicine. Benzodiazepines are drugs of abuse and you should be aware if any person in the household is using this medicine improperly or without a prescription.
What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking diazepam?
Do not use this medication if you have narrow-angle glaucoma, or if you are allergic to diazepam or to other benzodiazepines, such as alprazolam (Xanax), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), clorazepate (Tranxene), lorazepam (Ativan), or oxazepam (Serax).
Before taking diazepam, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have:
glaucoma;
asthma, emphysema, bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), or other breathing problems;
kidney or liver disease;
epilepsy or other seizure disorder;
a history of depression or suicidal thoughts or behavior; or
a history of drug or alcohol addiction.
If you have any of these conditions, you may not be able to use diazepam, or you may need a dosage adjustment or special tests during treatment.
Diazepam can cause birth defects in an unborn baby. Do not use diazepam without your doctor's consent if you are pregnant. Tell your doctor if you become pregnant during treatment. Use an effective form of birth control while you are using this medication. Diazepam may pass into breast milk and could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. The sedative effects of diazepam may last longer in older adults. Accidental falls are common in elderly patients who take benzodiazepines. Use caution to avoid falling or accidental injury while you are taking diazepam. Do not give this medication to a child younger than 6 months old.
Before taking diazepam, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have:
glaucoma;
asthma, emphysema, bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), or other breathing problems;
kidney or liver disease;
epilepsy or other seizure disorder;
a history of depression or suicidal thoughts or behavior; or
a history of drug or alcohol addiction.
If you have any of these conditions, you may not be able to use diazepam, or you may need a dosage adjustment or special tests during treatment.
Diazepam can cause birth defects in an unborn baby. Do not use diazepam without your doctor's consent if you are pregnant. Tell your doctor if you become pregnant during treatment. Use an effective form of birth control while you are using this medication. Diazepam may pass into breast milk and could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. The sedative effects of diazepam may last longer in older adults. Accidental falls are common in elderly patients who take benzodiazepines. Use caution to avoid falling or accidental injury while you are taking diazepam. Do not give this medication to a child younger than 6 months old.
What is diazepam?
Diazepam is in a group of drugs called benzodiazepines (ben-zoe-dye-AZE-eh-peens). Diazepam affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause anxiety.
Diazepam is used to treat anxiety disorders, alcohol withdrawal symptoms, or muscle spasms.
Diazepam may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.
Diazepam is used to treat anxiety disorders, alcohol withdrawal symptoms, or muscle spasms.
Diazepam may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.
What is the most important information I should know about diazepam?
Do not use this medication if you are allergic to diazepam or to other benzodiazepines, such as alprazolam (Xanax), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), clorazepate (Tranxene), lorazepam (Ativan), or oxazepam (Serax). This medication can cause birth defects in an unborn baby. Do not use diazepam if you are pregnant.
Before taking diazepam, tell your doctor if you have any breathing problems, glaucoma, kidney or liver disease, or a history of depression, suicidal thoughts, or addiction to drugs or alcohol.
Do not drink alcohol while taking diazepam. This medication can increase the effects of alcohol.
Avoid using other medicines that make you sleepy. They can add to sleepiness caused by diazepam.
Diazepam may be habit-forming and should be used only by the person it was prescribed for. Diazepam should never be shared with another person, especially someone who has a history of drug abuse or addiction. Keep the medication in a secure place where others cannot get to it.
Before taking diazepam, tell your doctor if you have any breathing problems, glaucoma, kidney or liver disease, or a history of depression, suicidal thoughts, or addiction to drugs or alcohol.
Do not drink alcohol while taking diazepam. This medication can increase the effects of alcohol.
Avoid using other medicines that make you sleepy. They can add to sleepiness caused by diazepam.
Diazepam may be habit-forming and should be used only by the person it was prescribed for. Diazepam should never be shared with another person, especially someone who has a history of drug abuse or addiction. Keep the medication in a secure place where others cannot get to it.
Side Effects of Valium
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:
Less common
Anxiety; confusion (may be more common in the elderly); fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat; lack of memory of events taking place after benzodiazepine is taken (may be more common with triazolam); mental depression
Rare
Abnormal thinking, including disorientation, delusions (holding false beliefs that cannot be changed by facts), or loss of sense of reality; agitation; behavior changes, including aggressive behavior, bizarre behavior, decreased inhibition, or outbursts of anger; convulsions (seizures); hallucinations (seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there); hypotension (low blood pressure); muscle weakness; skin rash or itching; sore throat, fever, and chills; trouble in sleeping; ulcers or sores in mouth or throat (continuing); uncontrolled movements of body, including the eyes; unusual bleeding or bruising; unusual excitement, nervousness, or irritability; unusual tiredness or weakness (severe); yellow eyes or skin
Symptoms of overdose
Confusion (continuing); convulsions (seizures); drowsiness (severe) or coma; shakiness; slow heartbeat; slow reflexes; slurred speech (continuing); staggering; troubled breathing; weakness (severe)
For patients having chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, or lorazepam injected :
Check with your doctor if there is redness, swelling, or pain at the place of injection.
Other side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. However, check with your doctor if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome:
More common
Clumsiness or unsteadiness; dizziness or lightheadedness; drowsiness; slurred speech
Less common or rare
Abdominal or stomach cramps or pain; blurred vision or other changes in vision; changes in sexual desire or ability; constipation; diarrhea; dryness of mouth or increased thirst; false sense of well-being; headache; increased bronchial secretions or watering of mouth; muscle spasm; nausea or vomiting; problems with urination; trembling or shaking; unusual tiredness or weakness
Not all of the side effects listed above have been reported for each of these medicines, but they have been reported for at least one of them. All of the benzodiazepines are similar, so any of the above side effects may occur with any of these medicines.
After you stop using this medicine, your body may need time to adjust. During this time, check with your doctor if you notice any of the following side effects:
More common
Irritability; nervousness; trouble in sleeping
Less common
Abdominal or stomach cramps; confusion; fast or pounding heartbeat; increased sense of hearing; increased sensitivity to touch and pain; increased sweating; loss of sense of reality; mental depression; muscle cramps; nausea or vomiting; sensitivity of eyes to light; tingling, burning, or prickly sensations; trembling or shaking
Rare
Confusion as to time, place, or person; convulsions (seizures); feelings of suspicion or distrust; hallucinations (seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there)
Other side effects not listed above may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your doctor.
Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:
Less common
Anxiety; confusion (may be more common in the elderly); fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat; lack of memory of events taking place after benzodiazepine is taken (may be more common with triazolam); mental depression
Rare
Abnormal thinking, including disorientation, delusions (holding false beliefs that cannot be changed by facts), or loss of sense of reality; agitation; behavior changes, including aggressive behavior, bizarre behavior, decreased inhibition, or outbursts of anger; convulsions (seizures); hallucinations (seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there); hypotension (low blood pressure); muscle weakness; skin rash or itching; sore throat, fever, and chills; trouble in sleeping; ulcers or sores in mouth or throat (continuing); uncontrolled movements of body, including the eyes; unusual bleeding or bruising; unusual excitement, nervousness, or irritability; unusual tiredness or weakness (severe); yellow eyes or skin
Symptoms of overdose
Confusion (continuing); convulsions (seizures); drowsiness (severe) or coma; shakiness; slow heartbeat; slow reflexes; slurred speech (continuing); staggering; troubled breathing; weakness (severe)
For patients having chlordiazepoxide, diazepam, or lorazepam injected :
Check with your doctor if there is redness, swelling, or pain at the place of injection.
Other side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. However, check with your doctor if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome:
More common
Clumsiness or unsteadiness; dizziness or lightheadedness; drowsiness; slurred speech
Less common or rare
Abdominal or stomach cramps or pain; blurred vision or other changes in vision; changes in sexual desire or ability; constipation; diarrhea; dryness of mouth or increased thirst; false sense of well-being; headache; increased bronchial secretions or watering of mouth; muscle spasm; nausea or vomiting; problems with urination; trembling or shaking; unusual tiredness or weakness
Not all of the side effects listed above have been reported for each of these medicines, but they have been reported for at least one of them. All of the benzodiazepines are similar, so any of the above side effects may occur with any of these medicines.
After you stop using this medicine, your body may need time to adjust. During this time, check with your doctor if you notice any of the following side effects:
More common
Irritability; nervousness; trouble in sleeping
Less common
Abdominal or stomach cramps; confusion; fast or pounding heartbeat; increased sense of hearing; increased sensitivity to touch and pain; increased sweating; loss of sense of reality; mental depression; muscle cramps; nausea or vomiting; sensitivity of eyes to light; tingling, burning, or prickly sensations; trembling or shaking
Rare
Confusion as to time, place, or person; convulsions (seizures); feelings of suspicion or distrust; hallucinations (seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there)
Other side effects not listed above may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your doctor.
Precautions While Using Valium
If you will be taking a benzodiazepine regularly for a long time :
Your doctor should check your progress at regular visits to make sure that this medicine does not cause unwanted effects. If you are taking a benzodiazepine for convulsions (seizures), this is also important during the first few months of treatment.
Check with your doctor at regular visits to see if you need to continue taking this medicine.
If you are taking a benzodiazepine for epilepsy or another seizure disorder :
Your doctor may want you to carry a medical identification card or bracelet stating that you are taking this medicine.
If you are taking a benzodiazepine for insomnia (trouble in sleeping):
If you think you need this medicine for more than 7 to 10 days, be sure to discuss it with your doctor. Insomnia that lasts longer than this may be a sign of another medical problem.
You may have difficulty sleeping (rebound insomnia) for the first few nights after you stop taking this medicine.
Benzodiazepines may be habit-forming (causing mental or physical dependence) , especially when taken for a long time or in high doses. Some signs of dependence on benzodiazepines are:
A strong desire or need to continue taking the medicine.
A need to increase the dose to receive the effects of the medicine.
Withdrawal effects (for example, irritability, nervousness, trouble in sleeping, abdominal or stomach cramps, trembling or shaking) occurring after the medicine is stopped.
If you think you may have become mentally or physically dependent on this medicine, check with your doctor . Do not stop taking it suddenly.
If you have been taking this medicine in large doses or for a long time, do not stop taking it without first checking with your doctor . Your doctor may want you to reduce gradually the amount you are taking before stopping completely. Stopping this medicine suddenly may cause withdrawal side effects, including seizures. Stopping this medicine suddenly is most likely to cause seizures if you have been taking it for epilepsy or another seizure disorder.
This medicine will add to the effects of alcohol and other central nervous system (CNS) depressants (medicines that slow down the nervous system, possibly causing drowsiness). Some examples of CNS depressants are antihistamines or medicine for hay fever, other allergies, or colds; sedatives, tranquilizers, or sleeping medicine; prescription pain medicine or narcotics; barbiturates; medicine for seizures; muscle relaxants; or anesthetics, including some dental anesthetics. This effect may last for a few days after you stop taking this medicine. Check with your doctor before taking any of the above while you are taking this medicine .
If you think you or someone else may have taken an overdose of this medicine, get emergency help at once . Taking an overdose of a benzodiazepine or taking alcohol or other CNS depressants with the benzodiazepine may lead to unconsciousness and possibly death. Some signs of an overdose are continuing slurred speech or confusion, severe drowsiness, severe weakness, and staggering.
Before you have any medical tests, tell the medical doctor in charge that you are taking this medicine. The results of the metyrapone test may be affected by chlordiazepoxide.
If you develop any unusual and strange thoughts or behavior while you are taking this medicine, be sure to discuss it with your doctor. Some changes that have occurred in people taking this medicine are like those seen in people who drink alcohol and then act in a manner that is not normal. Other changes may be more unusual and extreme, such as confusion, agitation, and hallucinations (seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there).
This medicine may cause some people, especially older persons, to become drowsy, dizzy, lightheaded, clumsy or unsteady, or less alert than they are normally. Even if taken at bedtime, it may cause some people to feel drowsy or less alert on arising. Make sure you know how you react to this medicine before you drive, use machines, or do anything else that could be dangerous if you are dizzy or are not alert .
Your doctor should check your progress at regular visits to make sure that this medicine does not cause unwanted effects. If you are taking a benzodiazepine for convulsions (seizures), this is also important during the first few months of treatment.
Check with your doctor at regular visits to see if you need to continue taking this medicine.
If you are taking a benzodiazepine for epilepsy or another seizure disorder :
Your doctor may want you to carry a medical identification card or bracelet stating that you are taking this medicine.
If you are taking a benzodiazepine for insomnia (trouble in sleeping):
If you think you need this medicine for more than 7 to 10 days, be sure to discuss it with your doctor. Insomnia that lasts longer than this may be a sign of another medical problem.
You may have difficulty sleeping (rebound insomnia) for the first few nights after you stop taking this medicine.
Benzodiazepines may be habit-forming (causing mental or physical dependence) , especially when taken for a long time or in high doses. Some signs of dependence on benzodiazepines are:
A strong desire or need to continue taking the medicine.
A need to increase the dose to receive the effects of the medicine.
Withdrawal effects (for example, irritability, nervousness, trouble in sleeping, abdominal or stomach cramps, trembling or shaking) occurring after the medicine is stopped.
If you think you may have become mentally or physically dependent on this medicine, check with your doctor . Do not stop taking it suddenly.
If you have been taking this medicine in large doses or for a long time, do not stop taking it without first checking with your doctor . Your doctor may want you to reduce gradually the amount you are taking before stopping completely. Stopping this medicine suddenly may cause withdrawal side effects, including seizures. Stopping this medicine suddenly is most likely to cause seizures if you have been taking it for epilepsy or another seizure disorder.
This medicine will add to the effects of alcohol and other central nervous system (CNS) depressants (medicines that slow down the nervous system, possibly causing drowsiness). Some examples of CNS depressants are antihistamines or medicine for hay fever, other allergies, or colds; sedatives, tranquilizers, or sleeping medicine; prescription pain medicine or narcotics; barbiturates; medicine for seizures; muscle relaxants; or anesthetics, including some dental anesthetics. This effect may last for a few days after you stop taking this medicine. Check with your doctor before taking any of the above while you are taking this medicine .
If you think you or someone else may have taken an overdose of this medicine, get emergency help at once . Taking an overdose of a benzodiazepine or taking alcohol or other CNS depressants with the benzodiazepine may lead to unconsciousness and possibly death. Some signs of an overdose are continuing slurred speech or confusion, severe drowsiness, severe weakness, and staggering.
Before you have any medical tests, tell the medical doctor in charge that you are taking this medicine. The results of the metyrapone test may be affected by chlordiazepoxide.
If you develop any unusual and strange thoughts or behavior while you are taking this medicine, be sure to discuss it with your doctor. Some changes that have occurred in people taking this medicine are like those seen in people who drink alcohol and then act in a manner that is not normal. Other changes may be more unusual and extreme, such as confusion, agitation, and hallucinations (seeing, hearing, or feeling things that are not there).
This medicine may cause some people, especially older persons, to become drowsy, dizzy, lightheaded, clumsy or unsteady, or less alert than they are normally. Even if taken at bedtime, it may cause some people to feel drowsy or less alert on arising. Make sure you know how you react to this medicine before you drive, use machines, or do anything else that could be dangerous if you are dizzy or are not alert .
Proper Use of Valium
For caregivers administering diazepam rectal gel :
Discuss with the patient's medical doctor exactly when and how to use diazepam rectal gel.
Discuss with the patient's medical doctor when you should call for emergency help.
Read the instructions that you received with the medicine before you need to use it.
Stay with the patient after administering diazepam rectal gel to check his or her condition as instructed by the doctor.
For patients taking clorazepate extended-release tablets :
Swallow tablets whole.
Do not crush, break, or chew before swallowing.
For patients taking alprazolam, diazepam, or lorazepam concentrated oral solution :
Measure each dose carefully using the dropper provided with the medicine.
It is recommended that each dose be mixed with water, soda or soda-like beverages, or semisolid food such as applesauce or pudding, just before it is taken.
Take the entire mixture right away. It should not be saved to be used later.
For patients taking lorazepam sublingual tablets :
Do not chew or swallow the tablet. This medicine is meant to be absorbed through the lining of the mouth. Place the tablet under your tongue (sublingual) and let it slowly dissolve there. Do not swallow for at least 2 minutes.
For patients taking alprazolam oral disintegrating tablets :
Make sure your hands are dry. Just prior to taking the tablet, remove the tablet from the bottle. Immediately place the tablet on top of the tongue. The tablet will dissolve in seconds, and you may swallow it with your saliva. You do not need to drink water or other liquid to swallow the tablet. If you have split apart a tablet and only taken one half of the tablet, you should throw away the unused part of the tablet right away because it may not remain stable.
Take this medicine only as directed by your doctor . Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. If too much is taken, it may become habit-forming (causing mental or physical dependence).
If you think this medicine is not working properly after you have taken it for a few weeks, do not increase the dose . Instead, check with your doctor.
For patients taking this medicine on a regular schedule for epilepsy or other seizure disorder :
In order for this medicine to control your seizures, it must be taken every day in regularly spaced doses as ordered by your doctor . This is necessary to keep a constant amount of the medicine in the blood. To help keep the amount constant, do not miss any doses.
For patients taking this medicine for insomnia :
Do not take this medicine when your schedule does not permit you to get a full night's sleep (7 to 8 hours) . If you must wake up before this, you may continue to feel drowsy and may experience memory problems, because the effects of the medicine have not had time to wear off.
For patients taking flurazepam :
When you begin to take this medicine, your sleeping problem will improve somewhat the first night. However, 2 or 3 nights may pass before you receive the full effects of this medicine .
Dosing—The dose of benzodiazepines will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label . The following information includes only the average doses of benzodiazepines. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.
The number of capsules or tablets, or the amount of solution that you take, or the number of injections you receive, depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are taking benzodiazepines .
For alprazolam
For oral dosage form (solution or tablets):
For anxiety:
Adults—At first, 0.25 to 0.5 milligram (mg) three times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 4 mg a day.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 0.25 mg two or three times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For panic disorder:
Adults—At first, 0.5 mg three times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 10 mg a day.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For bromazepam
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For anxiety:
Adults—6 to 30 milligrams (mg) a day, taken in smaller doses during the day.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, up to 3 mg a day. Your doctor may change your dose if needed.
For chlordiazepoxide
For oral dosage form (capsules):
For anxiety:
Adults—5 to 25 milligrams (mg) three or four times a day.
Children 6 years of age and older—5 mg two to four times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
Children younger than 6 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 5 mg two to four times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For sedation during withdrawal from alcohol:
Adults—At first, 50 to 100 mg, repeated if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 400 mg a day.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For injection dosage form:
For anxiety:
Adults—At first, 50 to 100 mg, injected into a muscle or vein. Then, if needed, 25 to 50 mg three or four times a day.
Teenagers—25 to 50 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
Children younger than 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—25 to 50 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
For sedation during withdrawal from alcohol:
Adults—At first, 50 to 100 mg, injected into a muscle or vein. If needed, the dose may be repeated in two to four hours.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For clobazam
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For control of seizures:
Adults—At first, 5 to 15 milligrams (mg) a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 80 mg a day.
Children 2 to 16 years of age—At first, 5 mg a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 40 mg a day.
Children younger than 2 years of age—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor.
For clonazepam
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For control of seizures:
Adults—At first, 0.5 milligram (mg) three times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 20 mg a day.
Infants and children younger than 10 years of age—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor.
For panic disorder:
Adults—At first, 0.25 mg two times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 4 mg a day.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For clorazepate
For oral dosage form (capsules or tablets):
For anxiety:
Adults and teenagers—7.5 to 15 mg two to four times a day. Or your doctor may want you to start by taking 15 mg at bedtime.
Children younger than 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 3.75 to 15 mg a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For sedation during withdrawal from alcohol:
Adults and teenagers—At first, 30 mg. Your doctor will set up a schedule that will gradually reduce your dose.
Children younger than 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For control of seizures:
Adults and teenagers—At first, up to 7.5 mg taken three times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 90 mg a day.
Children 9 to 12 years of age—At first, up to 7.5 mg two times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 60 mg a day.
Children younger than 9 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For oral dosage form (extended-release tablets):
For anxiety:
Adults and teenagers—Your doctor may change your dosage form to the extended-release tablet if you are already taking 3.75 or 7.5 milligrams (mg) of clorazepate three times a day. The extended-release tablet is taken one time each day.
Children younger than 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For control of seizures:
Adults, teenagers, and children 9 to 12 years of age—Your doctor may change your dosage form to the extended-release tablet if you are already taking 3.75 or 7.5 milligrams (mg) of clorazepate three times a day. The extended-release tablet is taken one time each day.
Children younger than 9 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For diazepam
For oral dosage form (solution or tablets):
For anxiety:
Adults—2 to 10 mg two to four times a day.
Children 6 months of age and older—Dose is based on body weight or size and must be determined by your doctor.
Children younger than 6 months of age—Use is not recommended.
Older adults—2 to 2.5 mg one or two times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For sedation during withdrawal from alcohol:
Adults—At first, 10 mg three or four times a day. Your doctor will set up a schedule that will gradually decrease your dose.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For control of seizures:
Adults—2 to 10 mg two to four times a day.
Children 6 months of age and older—Dose is based on body weight or size and must be determined by your doctor.
Children younger than 6 months of age—Use is not recommended.
Older adults—2 to 2.5 mg one or two times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For relaxing muscles:
Adults—2 to 10 mg three or four times a day.
Children 6 months of age and older—Dose is based on body weight or size and must be determined by your doctor.
Children younger than 6 months of age—Use is not recommended.
Older adults—2 to 2.5 mg one or two times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For injection dosage form:
For anxiety:
Adults—2 to 10 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For older adults—2 to 5 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
For sedation during withdrawal from alcohol:
Adults—At first, 10 mg injected into a muscle or vein. If needed, 5 to 10 mg may be given three or four hours later.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For sedation before surgery or other procedures:
Adults—5 to 20 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—2 to 5 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
For control of seizures:
Adults—At first, 5 to 10 mg, usually injected into a vein every ten to fifteen minutes, stopping if the total dose reaches 30 mg. If needed, this treatment may be repeated in two to four hours.
Children 5 years of age and older—At first, 1 mg, usually injected into a vein every two to five minutes, stopping if the total dose reaches 10 mg. This treatment may be repeated in two to four hours.
Infants older than 30 days of age and children younger than 5 years of age—At first, 0.2 to 0.5 mg, usually injected into a vein every two to five minutes, stopping if the total dose reaches 5 mg. This treatment may be repeated in two to four hours.
Newborns and infants 30 days of age and younger—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—2 to 5 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
For relaxing muscle spasms:
Adults—At first, 5 to 10 mg injected into a muscle or vein. The dose may be repeated in three or four hours.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—2 to 5 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
For relaxing muscles in tetanus:
Adults—At first, 5 to 10 mg injected into a muscle or vein. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
Children 5 years of age and older—5 to 10 mg, injected into a muscle or vein. The dose may be repeated every three to four hours if needed.
Infants older than 30 days of age and children younger than 5 years of age—1 to 2 mg, injected into a muscle or vein. The dose may be repeated every three to four hours if needed.
Newborns and infants 30 days of age and younger—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For rectal dosage form (gel or solution):
For control of seizures:
Adults and teenagers—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor.
Children—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor.
For estazolam
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For trouble in sleeping:
Adults—1 milligram (mg) at bedtime. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 2 mg.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For flurazepam
For oral dosage form (capsules or tablets):
For trouble in sleeping:
Adults—15 or 30 milligrams (mg) at bedtime.
Children younger than 15 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 15 mg at bedtime. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For halazepam
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For anxiety:
Adults—20 to 40 milligrams (mg) three or four times a day.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—20 mg one or two times a day.
For lorazepam
For oral dosage form (concentrate or tablets):
For anxiety:
Adults and teenagers—1 to 3 milligrams (mg) two or three times a day.
Children younger than 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—0.5 to 2 mg a day, taken in smaller doses during the day.
For trouble in sleeping:
Adults and teenagers—2 to 4 mg taken at bedtime.
Children younger than 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For sublingual tablet dosage form:
For anxiety:
Adults—2 to 3 mg a day, in smaller doses placed under the tongue during the day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 6 mg a day.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 0.5 mg a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For sedation before surgery:
Adults—Dose is based on body weight and will be determined by your doctor. However, the dose usually is not more than 4 mg, placed under the tongue, one to two hours before surgery.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For injection dosage form:
For sedation before surgery or other procedures:
Adults—Dose is based on body weight and will be determined by your doctor. However, the dose usually is not more than 4 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For control of seizures:
Adults—At first, 4 mg slowly injected into a vein. The dose may be repeated after ten to fifteen minutes if needed.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For nitrazepam
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For trouble in sleeping:
Adults—5 to 10 milligrams (mg) at bedtime.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 2.5 mg taken at bedtime. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For control of seizures:
Children less than 30 kilograms (66 pounds) of body weight—Dose is based on body weight and will be determined by your doctor.
For oxazepam
For oral dosage form (capsules or tablets):
For anxiety:
Adults—10 to 30 milligrams (mg) three or four times a day.
Children younger than 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 5 mg one or two times a day or 10 mg three times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 15 mg four times a day.
For sedation during withdrawal from alcohol:
Adults—15 to 30 mg three or four times a day.
Children younger than 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For quazepam
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For trouble in sleeping:
Adults—7.5 to 15 milligrams (mg) at bedtime.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For temazepam
For oral dosage form (capsules):
For trouble in sleeping:
Adults—15 milligrams (mg) at bedtime. Your doctor may change your dose if needed.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 7.5 mg at bedtime. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For triazolam
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For trouble in sleeping:
Adults—0.125 to 0.25 milligram (mg) at bedtime.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 0.125 mg at bedtime. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
Missed dose—If you are taking this medicine regularly (for example, every day as for epilepsy) and you miss a dose, take it right away if you remember within an hour or so of the missed dose. However, if you do not remember until later, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.
Storage—To store this medicine:
Keep out of the reach of children. Overdose of benzodiazepines may be especially dangerous in children.
Store away from heat and direct light.
Do not store the capsule or tablet form of this medicine in the bathroom, near the kitchen sink, or in other damp places. Heat or moisture may cause the medicine to break down.
Keep the liquid form of this medicine from freezing.
Keep the oral disintegrating tablet form of this medicine in a tightly sealed bottle and discard any cotton that was included in the bottle
Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed. Be sure that any discarded medicine is out of the reach of children.
Discuss with the patient's medical doctor exactly when and how to use diazepam rectal gel.
Discuss with the patient's medical doctor when you should call for emergency help.
Read the instructions that you received with the medicine before you need to use it.
Stay with the patient after administering diazepam rectal gel to check his or her condition as instructed by the doctor.
For patients taking clorazepate extended-release tablets :
Swallow tablets whole.
Do not crush, break, or chew before swallowing.
For patients taking alprazolam, diazepam, or lorazepam concentrated oral solution :
Measure each dose carefully using the dropper provided with the medicine.
It is recommended that each dose be mixed with water, soda or soda-like beverages, or semisolid food such as applesauce or pudding, just before it is taken.
Take the entire mixture right away. It should not be saved to be used later.
For patients taking lorazepam sublingual tablets :
Do not chew or swallow the tablet. This medicine is meant to be absorbed through the lining of the mouth. Place the tablet under your tongue (sublingual) and let it slowly dissolve there. Do not swallow for at least 2 minutes.
For patients taking alprazolam oral disintegrating tablets :
Make sure your hands are dry. Just prior to taking the tablet, remove the tablet from the bottle. Immediately place the tablet on top of the tongue. The tablet will dissolve in seconds, and you may swallow it with your saliva. You do not need to drink water or other liquid to swallow the tablet. If you have split apart a tablet and only taken one half of the tablet, you should throw away the unused part of the tablet right away because it may not remain stable.
Take this medicine only as directed by your doctor . Do not take more of it, do not take it more often, and do not take it for a longer time than your doctor ordered. If too much is taken, it may become habit-forming (causing mental or physical dependence).
If you think this medicine is not working properly after you have taken it for a few weeks, do not increase the dose . Instead, check with your doctor.
For patients taking this medicine on a regular schedule for epilepsy or other seizure disorder :
In order for this medicine to control your seizures, it must be taken every day in regularly spaced doses as ordered by your doctor . This is necessary to keep a constant amount of the medicine in the blood. To help keep the amount constant, do not miss any doses.
For patients taking this medicine for insomnia :
Do not take this medicine when your schedule does not permit you to get a full night's sleep (7 to 8 hours) . If you must wake up before this, you may continue to feel drowsy and may experience memory problems, because the effects of the medicine have not had time to wear off.
For patients taking flurazepam :
When you begin to take this medicine, your sleeping problem will improve somewhat the first night. However, 2 or 3 nights may pass before you receive the full effects of this medicine .
Dosing—The dose of benzodiazepines will be different for different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the directions on the label . The following information includes only the average doses of benzodiazepines. If your dose is different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to do so.
The number of capsules or tablets, or the amount of solution that you take, or the number of injections you receive, depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the number of doses you take each day, the time allowed between doses, and the length of time you take the medicine depend on the medical problem for which you are taking benzodiazepines .
For alprazolam
For oral dosage form (solution or tablets):
For anxiety:
Adults—At first, 0.25 to 0.5 milligram (mg) three times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 4 mg a day.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 0.25 mg two or three times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For panic disorder:
Adults—At first, 0.5 mg three times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 10 mg a day.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For bromazepam
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For anxiety:
Adults—6 to 30 milligrams (mg) a day, taken in smaller doses during the day.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, up to 3 mg a day. Your doctor may change your dose if needed.
For chlordiazepoxide
For oral dosage form (capsules):
For anxiety:
Adults—5 to 25 milligrams (mg) three or four times a day.
Children 6 years of age and older—5 mg two to four times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
Children younger than 6 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 5 mg two to four times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For sedation during withdrawal from alcohol:
Adults—At first, 50 to 100 mg, repeated if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 400 mg a day.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For injection dosage form:
For anxiety:
Adults—At first, 50 to 100 mg, injected into a muscle or vein. Then, if needed, 25 to 50 mg three or four times a day.
Teenagers—25 to 50 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
Children younger than 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—25 to 50 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
For sedation during withdrawal from alcohol:
Adults—At first, 50 to 100 mg, injected into a muscle or vein. If needed, the dose may be repeated in two to four hours.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For clobazam
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For control of seizures:
Adults—At first, 5 to 15 milligrams (mg) a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 80 mg a day.
Children 2 to 16 years of age—At first, 5 mg a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 40 mg a day.
Children younger than 2 years of age—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor.
For clonazepam
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For control of seizures:
Adults—At first, 0.5 milligram (mg) three times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 20 mg a day.
Infants and children younger than 10 years of age—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor.
For panic disorder:
Adults—At first, 0.25 mg two times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 4 mg a day.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For clorazepate
For oral dosage form (capsules or tablets):
For anxiety:
Adults and teenagers—7.5 to 15 mg two to four times a day. Or your doctor may want you to start by taking 15 mg at bedtime.
Children younger than 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 3.75 to 15 mg a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For sedation during withdrawal from alcohol:
Adults and teenagers—At first, 30 mg. Your doctor will set up a schedule that will gradually reduce your dose.
Children younger than 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For control of seizures:
Adults and teenagers—At first, up to 7.5 mg taken three times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 90 mg a day.
Children 9 to 12 years of age—At first, up to 7.5 mg two times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 60 mg a day.
Children younger than 9 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For oral dosage form (extended-release tablets):
For anxiety:
Adults and teenagers—Your doctor may change your dosage form to the extended-release tablet if you are already taking 3.75 or 7.5 milligrams (mg) of clorazepate three times a day. The extended-release tablet is taken one time each day.
Children younger than 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For control of seizures:
Adults, teenagers, and children 9 to 12 years of age—Your doctor may change your dosage form to the extended-release tablet if you are already taking 3.75 or 7.5 milligrams (mg) of clorazepate three times a day. The extended-release tablet is taken one time each day.
Children younger than 9 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For diazepam
For oral dosage form (solution or tablets):
For anxiety:
Adults—2 to 10 mg two to four times a day.
Children 6 months of age and older—Dose is based on body weight or size and must be determined by your doctor.
Children younger than 6 months of age—Use is not recommended.
Older adults—2 to 2.5 mg one or two times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For sedation during withdrawal from alcohol:
Adults—At first, 10 mg three or four times a day. Your doctor will set up a schedule that will gradually decrease your dose.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For control of seizures:
Adults—2 to 10 mg two to four times a day.
Children 6 months of age and older—Dose is based on body weight or size and must be determined by your doctor.
Children younger than 6 months of age—Use is not recommended.
Older adults—2 to 2.5 mg one or two times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For relaxing muscles:
Adults—2 to 10 mg three or four times a day.
Children 6 months of age and older—Dose is based on body weight or size and must be determined by your doctor.
Children younger than 6 months of age—Use is not recommended.
Older adults—2 to 2.5 mg one or two times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For injection dosage form:
For anxiety:
Adults—2 to 10 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For older adults—2 to 5 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
For sedation during withdrawal from alcohol:
Adults—At first, 10 mg injected into a muscle or vein. If needed, 5 to 10 mg may be given three or four hours later.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For sedation before surgery or other procedures:
Adults—5 to 20 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—2 to 5 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
For control of seizures:
Adults—At first, 5 to 10 mg, usually injected into a vein every ten to fifteen minutes, stopping if the total dose reaches 30 mg. If needed, this treatment may be repeated in two to four hours.
Children 5 years of age and older—At first, 1 mg, usually injected into a vein every two to five minutes, stopping if the total dose reaches 10 mg. This treatment may be repeated in two to four hours.
Infants older than 30 days of age and children younger than 5 years of age—At first, 0.2 to 0.5 mg, usually injected into a vein every two to five minutes, stopping if the total dose reaches 5 mg. This treatment may be repeated in two to four hours.
Newborns and infants 30 days of age and younger—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—2 to 5 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
For relaxing muscle spasms:
Adults—At first, 5 to 10 mg injected into a muscle or vein. The dose may be repeated in three or four hours.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—2 to 5 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
For relaxing muscles in tetanus:
Adults—At first, 5 to 10 mg injected into a muscle or vein. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
Children 5 years of age and older—5 to 10 mg, injected into a muscle or vein. The dose may be repeated every three to four hours if needed.
Infants older than 30 days of age and children younger than 5 years of age—1 to 2 mg, injected into a muscle or vein. The dose may be repeated every three to four hours if needed.
Newborns and infants 30 days of age and younger—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For rectal dosage form (gel or solution):
For control of seizures:
Adults and teenagers—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor.
Children—Dose is based on body weight and must be determined by your doctor.
For estazolam
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For trouble in sleeping:
Adults—1 milligram (mg) at bedtime. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 2 mg.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For flurazepam
For oral dosage form (capsules or tablets):
For trouble in sleeping:
Adults—15 or 30 milligrams (mg) at bedtime.
Children younger than 15 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 15 mg at bedtime. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For halazepam
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For anxiety:
Adults—20 to 40 milligrams (mg) three or four times a day.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—20 mg one or two times a day.
For lorazepam
For oral dosage form (concentrate or tablets):
For anxiety:
Adults and teenagers—1 to 3 milligrams (mg) two or three times a day.
Children younger than 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—0.5 to 2 mg a day, taken in smaller doses during the day.
For trouble in sleeping:
Adults and teenagers—2 to 4 mg taken at bedtime.
Children younger than 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For sublingual tablet dosage form:
For anxiety:
Adults—2 to 3 mg a day, in smaller doses placed under the tongue during the day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 6 mg a day.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 0.5 mg a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For sedation before surgery:
Adults—Dose is based on body weight and will be determined by your doctor. However, the dose usually is not more than 4 mg, placed under the tongue, one to two hours before surgery.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For injection dosage form:
For sedation before surgery or other procedures:
Adults—Dose is based on body weight and will be determined by your doctor. However, the dose usually is not more than 4 mg, injected into a muscle or vein.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For control of seizures:
Adults—At first, 4 mg slowly injected into a vein. The dose may be repeated after ten to fifteen minutes if needed.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For nitrazepam
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For trouble in sleeping:
Adults—5 to 10 milligrams (mg) at bedtime.
Children—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 2.5 mg taken at bedtime. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For control of seizures:
Children less than 30 kilograms (66 pounds) of body weight—Dose is based on body weight and will be determined by your doctor.
For oxazepam
For oral dosage form (capsules or tablets):
For anxiety:
Adults—10 to 30 milligrams (mg) three or four times a day.
Children younger than 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 5 mg one or two times a day or 10 mg three times a day. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed. However, the dose usually is not more than 15 mg four times a day.
For sedation during withdrawal from alcohol:
Adults—15 to 30 mg three or four times a day.
Children younger than 12 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For quazepam
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For trouble in sleeping:
Adults—7.5 to 15 milligrams (mg) at bedtime.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
For temazepam
For oral dosage form (capsules):
For trouble in sleeping:
Adults—15 milligrams (mg) at bedtime. Your doctor may change your dose if needed.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 7.5 mg at bedtime. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
For triazolam
For oral dosage form (tablets):
For trouble in sleeping:
Adults—0.125 to 0.25 milligram (mg) at bedtime.
Children younger than 18 years of age—Use and dose must be determined by your doctor.
Older adults—At first, 0.125 mg at bedtime. Your doctor may increase your dose if needed.
Missed dose—If you are taking this medicine regularly (for example, every day as for epilepsy) and you miss a dose, take it right away if you remember within an hour or so of the missed dose. However, if you do not remember until later, skip the missed dose and go back to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double doses.
Storage—To store this medicine:
Keep out of the reach of children. Overdose of benzodiazepines may be especially dangerous in children.
Store away from heat and direct light.
Do not store the capsule or tablet form of this medicine in the bathroom, near the kitchen sink, or in other damp places. Heat or moisture may cause the medicine to break down.
Keep the liquid form of this medicine from freezing.
Keep the oral disintegrating tablet form of this medicine in a tightly sealed bottle and discard any cotton that was included in the bottle
Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed. Be sure that any discarded medicine is out of the reach of children.
Before Using valium
In deciding to use a medicine, the risks of taking the medicine must be weighed against the good it will do. This is a decision you and your doctor will make. For benzodiazepines, the following should be considered:
Allergies—Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to benzodiazepines. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Certain benzodiazepine products may contain lactose, parabens, or soybean oil.
Pregnancy—Chlordiazepoxide and diazepam have been reported to increase the chance of birth defects when used during the first 3 months of pregnancy. Although similar problems have not been reported with the other benzodiazepines, the chance always exists since all of the benzodiazepines are related.
Studies in animals have shown that clonazepam, lorazepam, and temazepam cause birth defects or other problems, including death of the animal fetus.
Too much use of a benzodiazepine during pregnancy may cause the baby to become dependent on the medicine. This may lead to withdrawal side effects after birth. Also, use of benzodiazepines during pregnancy, especially during the last weeks, may cause body temperature problems, breathing problems, difficulty in feeding, drowsiness, or muscle weakness in the newborn infant.
Benzodiazepines given just before or during labor may cause weakness in the newborn infant. When diazepam is given in high doses (especially by injection) within 15 hours before delivery, it may cause breathing problems, muscle weakness, difficulty in feeding, and body temperature problems in the newborn infant.
Breast-feeding—Benzodiazepines may pass into the breast milk and cause drowsiness, difficulty in feeding, and weight loss in nursing babies of mothers taking these medicines.
Children—Most of the side effects of these medicines are more likely to occur in children, especially the very young. These patients are usually more sensitive than adults to the effects of benzodiazepines.
It is possible that using clonazepam for long periods of time may cause unwanted effects on physical and mental growth in children. If such effects do occur, they may not be noticed until many years later. Before this medicine is given to children for long periods of time, you should discuss its use with your child's doctor.
Older adults—Most of the side effects of these medicines are more likely to occur in the elderly, who are usually more sensitive to the effects of benzodiazepines.
Taking benzodiazepines for trouble in sleeping may cause more daytime drowsiness in elderly patients than in younger adults. In addition, falls and related injuries are more likely to occur in elderly patients taking benzodiazepines.
Other medicines—Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking or receiving benzodiazepines it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following:
Central nervous system (CNS) depressants (medicines that cause drowsiness)—The CNS depressant effects of either these medicines or benzodiazepines may be increased; your doctor may want to change the dose of either or both medicines
Fluvoxamine (e.g., Luvox) or
Nefazodone (e.g., Serzone)—Higher blood levels of benzodiazepines may occur, increasing the chance that side effects will occur; your doctor may want to change the dose of either or both medicines, or give you a different medicine
Itraconazole (e.g., Sporanox) or
Ketoconazole (e.g., Nizoral)—These medicines should NOT be used if you are taking a benzodiazepine.
Other medical problems—The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of benzodiazepines. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
Alcohol abuse (or history of) or
Drug abuse or dependence (or history of)—Dependence on benzodiazepines may be more likely to develop
Brain disease—CNS depression and other side effects of benzodiazepines may be more likely to occur
Difficulty in swallowing (in children) or
Emphysema, asthma, bronchitis, or other chronic lung disease or
Hyperactivity or
Mental depression or
Mental illness (severe) or
Myasthenia gravis or
Porphyria or
Sleep apnea (temporary stopping of breathing during sleep)—Benzodiazepines may make these conditions worse
Epilepsy or history of seizures—Although some benzodiazepines are used in treating epilepsy, starting or suddenly stopping treatment with these medicines may increase seizures
Glaucoma, acute narrow angle—Benzodiazepines should NOT be used if you have this condition.
Glaucoma, open angle—Benzodiazepines can be used but your doctor should be monitoring your condition carefully.
Kidney or liver disease—Higher blood levels of benzodiazepines may result, increasing the chance that side effects will occur
Allergies—Tell your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic reaction to benzodiazepines. Also tell your health care professional if you are allergic to any other substances, such as foods, preservatives, or dyes. Certain benzodiazepine products may contain lactose, parabens, or soybean oil.
Pregnancy—Chlordiazepoxide and diazepam have been reported to increase the chance of birth defects when used during the first 3 months of pregnancy. Although similar problems have not been reported with the other benzodiazepines, the chance always exists since all of the benzodiazepines are related.
Studies in animals have shown that clonazepam, lorazepam, and temazepam cause birth defects or other problems, including death of the animal fetus.
Too much use of a benzodiazepine during pregnancy may cause the baby to become dependent on the medicine. This may lead to withdrawal side effects after birth. Also, use of benzodiazepines during pregnancy, especially during the last weeks, may cause body temperature problems, breathing problems, difficulty in feeding, drowsiness, or muscle weakness in the newborn infant.
Benzodiazepines given just before or during labor may cause weakness in the newborn infant. When diazepam is given in high doses (especially by injection) within 15 hours before delivery, it may cause breathing problems, muscle weakness, difficulty in feeding, and body temperature problems in the newborn infant.
Breast-feeding—Benzodiazepines may pass into the breast milk and cause drowsiness, difficulty in feeding, and weight loss in nursing babies of mothers taking these medicines.
Children—Most of the side effects of these medicines are more likely to occur in children, especially the very young. These patients are usually more sensitive than adults to the effects of benzodiazepines.
It is possible that using clonazepam for long periods of time may cause unwanted effects on physical and mental growth in children. If such effects do occur, they may not be noticed until many years later. Before this medicine is given to children for long periods of time, you should discuss its use with your child's doctor.
Older adults—Most of the side effects of these medicines are more likely to occur in the elderly, who are usually more sensitive to the effects of benzodiazepines.
Taking benzodiazepines for trouble in sleeping may cause more daytime drowsiness in elderly patients than in younger adults. In addition, falls and related injuries are more likely to occur in elderly patients taking benzodiazepines.
Other medicines—Although certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other cases two different medicines may be used together even if an interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary. When you are taking or receiving benzodiazepines it is especially important that your health care professional know if you are taking any of the following:
Central nervous system (CNS) depressants (medicines that cause drowsiness)—The CNS depressant effects of either these medicines or benzodiazepines may be increased; your doctor may want to change the dose of either or both medicines
Fluvoxamine (e.g., Luvox) or
Nefazodone (e.g., Serzone)—Higher blood levels of benzodiazepines may occur, increasing the chance that side effects will occur; your doctor may want to change the dose of either or both medicines, or give you a different medicine
Itraconazole (e.g., Sporanox) or
Ketoconazole (e.g., Nizoral)—These medicines should NOT be used if you are taking a benzodiazepine.
Other medical problems—The presence of other medical problems may affect the use of benzodiazepines. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any other medical problems, especially:
Alcohol abuse (or history of) or
Drug abuse or dependence (or history of)—Dependence on benzodiazepines may be more likely to develop
Brain disease—CNS depression and other side effects of benzodiazepines may be more likely to occur
Difficulty in swallowing (in children) or
Emphysema, asthma, bronchitis, or other chronic lung disease or
Hyperactivity or
Mental depression or
Mental illness (severe) or
Myasthenia gravis or
Porphyria or
Sleep apnea (temporary stopping of breathing during sleep)—Benzodiazepines may make these conditions worse
Epilepsy or history of seizures—Although some benzodiazepines are used in treating epilepsy, starting or suddenly stopping treatment with these medicines may increase seizures
Glaucoma, acute narrow angle—Benzodiazepines should NOT be used if you have this condition.
Glaucoma, open angle—Benzodiazepines can be used but your doctor should be monitoring your condition carefully.
Kidney or liver disease—Higher blood levels of benzodiazepines may result, increasing the chance that side effects will occur
Description valium
Benzodiazepines ((ben-zoe-dye-AZ-e-peens)) belong to the group of medicines called central nervous system (CNS) depressants (medicines that slow down the nervous system).
Some benzodiazepines are used to relieve anxiety. However, benzodiazepines should not be used to relieve nervousness or tension caused by the stress of everyday life.
Some benzodiazepines are used to treat insomnia (trouble in sleeping). However, if used regularly (for example, every day) for insomnia, they usually are not effective for more than a few weeks.
Many of the benzodiazepines are used in the treatment of other conditions, also. Diazepam is used to help relax muscles or relieve muscle spasm. Diazepam injection is used before some medical procedures to relieve anxiety and to reduce memory of the procedure. Chlordiazepoxide, clorazepate, diazepam, and oxazepam are used to treat the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. Alprazolam and clonazepam are used in the treatment of panic disorder. Clobazam, clonazepam, clorazepate, diazepam, and lorazepam are used in the treatment of certain convulsive (seizure) disorders, such as epilepsy. The benzodiazepines may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.
Benzodiazepines may be habit-forming (causing mental or physical dependence), especially when taken for a long time or in high doses.
These medicines are available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms:
Oral
Alprazolam
Oral disintegrating tablets (U.S.)
Oral solution (U.S.)
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
Bromazepam
Tablets (Canada)
Chlordiazepoxide
Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
Clobazam
Tablets (Canada)
Clonazepam
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
Clorazepate
Capsules (Canada)
Tablets (U.S.)
Extended-release tablets (U.S.)
Diazepam
Oral solution (U.S. and Canada)
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
Estazolam
Tablets (U.S.)
Flurazepam
Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
Tablets (Canada)
Halazepam
Tablets (U.S.)
Lorazepam
Oral concentrate (U.S.)
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
Sublingual tablets (Canada)
Nitrazepam
Tablets (Canada)
Oxazepam
Capsules (U.S.)
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
Quazepam
Tablets (U.S.)
Temazepam
Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
Triazolam
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
Parenteral
Chlordiazepoxide
Injection (U.S.)
Diazepam
Injection (U.S. and Canada)
Lorazepam
Injection (U.S. and Canada)
Rectal
Diazepam
For rectal solution (may be prepared in U.S. and Canada from diazepam injection)
Rectal gel (U.S.)
Some benzodiazepines are used to relieve anxiety. However, benzodiazepines should not be used to relieve nervousness or tension caused by the stress of everyday life.
Some benzodiazepines are used to treat insomnia (trouble in sleeping). However, if used regularly (for example, every day) for insomnia, they usually are not effective for more than a few weeks.
Many of the benzodiazepines are used in the treatment of other conditions, also. Diazepam is used to help relax muscles or relieve muscle spasm. Diazepam injection is used before some medical procedures to relieve anxiety and to reduce memory of the procedure. Chlordiazepoxide, clorazepate, diazepam, and oxazepam are used to treat the symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. Alprazolam and clonazepam are used in the treatment of panic disorder. Clobazam, clonazepam, clorazepate, diazepam, and lorazepam are used in the treatment of certain convulsive (seizure) disorders, such as epilepsy. The benzodiazepines may also be used for other conditions as determined by your doctor.
Benzodiazepines may be habit-forming (causing mental or physical dependence), especially when taken for a long time or in high doses.
These medicines are available only with your doctor's prescription, in the following dosage forms:
Oral
Alprazolam
Oral disintegrating tablets (U.S.)
Oral solution (U.S.)
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
Bromazepam
Tablets (Canada)
Chlordiazepoxide
Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
Clobazam
Tablets (Canada)
Clonazepam
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
Clorazepate
Capsules (Canada)
Tablets (U.S.)
Extended-release tablets (U.S.)
Diazepam
Oral solution (U.S. and Canada)
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
Estazolam
Tablets (U.S.)
Flurazepam
Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
Tablets (Canada)
Halazepam
Tablets (U.S.)
Lorazepam
Oral concentrate (U.S.)
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
Sublingual tablets (Canada)
Nitrazepam
Tablets (Canada)
Oxazepam
Capsules (U.S.)
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
Quazepam
Tablets (U.S.)
Temazepam
Capsules (U.S. and Canada)
Triazolam
Tablets (U.S. and Canada)
Parenteral
Chlordiazepoxide
Injection (U.S.)
Diazepam
Injection (U.S. and Canada)
Lorazepam
Injection (U.S. and Canada)
Rectal
Diazepam
For rectal solution (may be prepared in U.S. and Canada from diazepam injection)
Rectal gel (U.S.)
Possible side effects of Valium
All medicines may cause side effects, but many people have no, or minor, side effects. Check with your doctor if any of these most COMMON side effects persist or become bothersome:
Blurred vision; dizziness; drowsiness; dry mouth; fatigue; headaches; incoordination; pain, swelling, or redness at the injection site; short-term memory loss; weakness.
Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:
Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); anxiety; chest pain; difficulty breathing; difficulty sleeping; difficulty speaking; hallucinations; inability to control urination; increased muscle spasms; interrupted breathing; involuntary eye movement; sleep disturbances; stimulation; sudden rage; yellowing of the skin or eyes.
This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions or need medical advice about side effects, contact your doctor or health care provider. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 (1-800-332-1088) or at http://www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Blurred vision; dizziness; drowsiness; dry mouth; fatigue; headaches; incoordination; pain, swelling, or redness at the injection site; short-term memory loss; weakness.
Seek medical attention right away if any of these SEVERE side effects occur:
Severe allergic reactions (rash; hives; itching; difficulty breathing; tightness in the chest; swelling of the mouth, face, lips, or tongue); anxiety; chest pain; difficulty breathing; difficulty sleeping; difficulty speaking; hallucinations; inability to control urination; increased muscle spasms; interrupted breathing; involuntary eye movement; sleep disturbances; stimulation; sudden rage; yellowing of the skin or eyes.
This is not a complete list of all side effects that may occur. If you have questions or need medical advice about side effects, contact your doctor or health care provider. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088 (1-800-332-1088) or at http://www.fda.gov/medwatch.
Important safety information
Valium may cause drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision. These effects may be worse if you take it with alcohol or certain medicines. Use Valium with caution. Do not drive or perform other possibly unsafe tasks until you know how you react to it.
Do not drink alcohol or use medicines that may cause drowsiness (eg, sleep aids, muscle relaxers) while you are using Valium ; it may add to their effects. Ask your pharmacist if you have questions about which medicines may cause drowsiness.
If you are taking Valium for seizures, carry an ID card at all times that says you have seizure disorder and you take Valium.
Valium should not be used in CHILDREN younger than 6 months old; safety and effectiveness in these children have not been confirmed.
PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: Valium may cause harm to the fetus. If you think you may be pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using this medicine while you are pregnant. Valium is found in breast milk. Do not breast-feed while using Valium .
When used for long periods of time or at high doses, Valium may not work as well and may require higher doses to obtain the same effect as when originally taken. This is known as TOLERANCE. Talk with your doctor if Valium stops working well. Do not take more than prescribed.
Some people who use Valium for a long time may develop a need to continue taking it. People who take high doses are also at risk. This is known as DEPENDENCE or addiction. If you stop taking Valium suddenly, you may have WITHDRAWAL symptoms. These may include convulsions, tremor, stomach and muscle cramps, vomiting, or sweating. Do not suddenly stop taking Valium without first checking with your doctor.
Do not drink alcohol or use medicines that may cause drowsiness (eg, sleep aids, muscle relaxers) while you are using Valium ; it may add to their effects. Ask your pharmacist if you have questions about which medicines may cause drowsiness.
If you are taking Valium for seizures, carry an ID card at all times that says you have seizure disorder and you take Valium.
Valium should not be used in CHILDREN younger than 6 months old; safety and effectiveness in these children have not been confirmed.
PREGNANCY and BREAST-FEEDING: Valium may cause harm to the fetus. If you think you may be pregnant, contact your doctor. You will need to discuss the benefits and risks of using this medicine while you are pregnant. Valium is found in breast milk. Do not breast-feed while using Valium .
When used for long periods of time or at high doses, Valium may not work as well and may require higher doses to obtain the same effect as when originally taken. This is known as TOLERANCE. Talk with your doctor if Valium stops working well. Do not take more than prescribed.
Some people who use Valium for a long time may develop a need to continue taking it. People who take high doses are also at risk. This is known as DEPENDENCE or addiction. If you stop taking Valium suddenly, you may have WITHDRAWAL symptoms. These may include convulsions, tremor, stomach and muscle cramps, vomiting, or sweating. Do not suddenly stop taking Valium without first checking with your doctor.
How to use Valium
Use Valium as directed by your doctor. Check the label on the medicine for exact dosing instructions.
Take Valium by mouth with or without food.
If you miss a dose of Valium and you are taking it regularly, take it as soon as possible. If several hours have passed or if it is nearing time for the next dose, do not double the dose to catch up, unless advised by your health care provider. Do not take 2 doses at once.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Valium .
Take Valium by mouth with or without food.
If you miss a dose of Valium and you are taking it regularly, take it as soon as possible. If several hours have passed or if it is nearing time for the next dose, do not double the dose to catch up, unless advised by your health care provider. Do not take 2 doses at once.
Ask your health care provider any questions you may have about how to use Valium .
Before using Valium
Before using Valium :
Some medical conditions may interact with Valium . Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:
if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding
if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement
if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances
if you have glaucoma or a predisposition for glaucoma, liver problems, lung problems or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), muscle problems, depression, suicidal tendencies, a blood disorder known as porphyria, or a history of alcohol or other substance abuse or dependence
Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with this medicine. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:
Hydantoins (eg, phenytoin), rifampin, or St. John's wort because they may decrease Valium 's effectiveness
Clozapine, diltiazem, disulfiram,HIV protease inhibitors (eg, ritonavir), narcotic pain relievers (eg, morphine, codeine), nefazodone, omeprazole,sodium oxybate (GHB), or valproic acid because side effects such as increased sedation and confusion may occur
Hydantoins (eg, phenytoin), narcotic pain relievers (eg, morphine, codeine), sodium oxybate (GHB), succinylcholine, or tricyclic antidepressants (eg, amitriptyline) because the risk of their side effects may be increased by Valium
This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Valium may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.
Some medical conditions may interact with Valium . Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you have any medical conditions, especially if any of the following apply to you:
if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or are breast-feeding
if you are taking any prescription or nonprescription medicine, herbal preparation, or dietary supplement
if you have allergies to medicines, foods, or other substances
if you have glaucoma or a predisposition for glaucoma, liver problems, lung problems or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), muscle problems, depression, suicidal tendencies, a blood disorder known as porphyria, or a history of alcohol or other substance abuse or dependence
Some MEDICINES MAY INTERACT with this medicine. Tell your health care provider if you are taking any other medicines, especially any of the following:
Hydantoins (eg, phenytoin), rifampin, or St. John's wort because they may decrease Valium 's effectiveness
Clozapine, diltiazem, disulfiram,HIV protease inhibitors (eg, ritonavir), narcotic pain relievers (eg, morphine, codeine), nefazodone, omeprazole,sodium oxybate (GHB), or valproic acid because side effects such as increased sedation and confusion may occur
Hydantoins (eg, phenytoin), narcotic pain relievers (eg, morphine, codeine), sodium oxybate (GHB), succinylcholine, or tricyclic antidepressants (eg, amitriptyline) because the risk of their side effects may be increased by Valium
This may not be a complete list of all interactions that may occur. Ask your health care provider if Valium may interact with other medicines that you take. Check with your health care provider before you start, stop, or change the dose of any medicine.
Do NOT use Valium if...
Do NOT use Valium if:
you are allergic to any ingredient in Valium
you have acute narrow-angle glaucoma, severe liver disease, kidney problems, or a mental state in which contact with reality is lost (psychosis)
you are taking an HIV protease inhibitor (eg, ritonavir) or sodium oxybate (GHB)
Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.
you are allergic to any ingredient in Valium
you have acute narrow-angle glaucoma, severe liver disease, kidney problems, or a mental state in which contact with reality is lost (psychosis)
you are taking an HIV protease inhibitor (eg, ritonavir) or sodium oxybate (GHB)
Contact your doctor or health care provider right away if any of these apply to you.
Valium is used for...
Valium is used for:
The management of anxiety disorders. It may also be used to treat agitation, shakiness, and hallucinations during alcohol withdrawal and to relieve certain types of muscle pain and other disorders as determined by your doctor.
Valium is a benzodiazepine. It works by slowing down the movement of chemicals in the brain. This results in a reduction in nervous tension (anxiety) and muscle spasm, and also causes sedation.
The management of anxiety disorders. It may also be used to treat agitation, shakiness, and hallucinations during alcohol withdrawal and to relieve certain types of muscle pain and other disorders as determined by your doctor.
Valium is a benzodiazepine. It works by slowing down the movement of chemicals in the brain. This results in a reduction in nervous tension (anxiety) and muscle spasm, and also causes sedation.
Monday, May 21, 2007
What other drugs will affect phentermine?
Before taking phentermine, tell your doctor if you are using any of the following drugs:
medicines to treat high blood pressure;
insulin or diabetes medication you take by mouth;
guanadrel (Hylorel), guanethidine (Ismelin);
antidepressants such as citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro), fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem), fluvoxamine (Luvox), paroxetine (Paxil), or sertraline (Zoloft); or
antidepressants such as amitriptyline (Elavil, Etrafon), amoxapine (Ascendin), clomipramine (Anafranil), desipramine (Norpramin), doxepin (Sinequan), imipramine (Janimine, Tofranil), nortriptyline (Pamelor), protriptyline (Vivactil), or trimipramine (Surmontil).
If you are using any of these drugs, you may not be able to use phentermine, or you may need dosage adjustments or special tests during treatment.
There may be other drugs not listed that can affect phentermine. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.
medicines to treat high blood pressure;
insulin or diabetes medication you take by mouth;
guanadrel (Hylorel), guanethidine (Ismelin);
antidepressants such as citalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro), fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem), fluvoxamine (Luvox), paroxetine (Paxil), or sertraline (Zoloft); or
antidepressants such as amitriptyline (Elavil, Etrafon), amoxapine (Ascendin), clomipramine (Anafranil), desipramine (Norpramin), doxepin (Sinequan), imipramine (Janimine, Tofranil), nortriptyline (Pamelor), protriptyline (Vivactil), or trimipramine (Surmontil).
If you are using any of these drugs, you may not be able to use phentermine, or you may need dosage adjustments or special tests during treatment.
There may be other drugs not listed that can affect phentermine. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.
What are the possible side effects of phentermine?
Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using phentermine and call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:
chest pain, swelling in your ankles or feet, feeling light-headed, fainting, or feeling short of breath, even with mild exertion;
fast or uneven heartbeat;
unusual thoughts or behavior, feeling restless or confused; or
increased blood pressure (severe headache, blurred vision, trouble concentrating, chest pain, numbness, seizure).
Less serious side effects may be more likely to occur, such as:
feeling nervous or anxious;
headache, dizziness, tremors;
trouble sleeping (insomnia);
dry mouth or an unpleasant taste in your mouth;
diarrhea or constipation; or
itching.
Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome.
chest pain, swelling in your ankles or feet, feeling light-headed, fainting, or feeling short of breath, even with mild exertion;
fast or uneven heartbeat;
unusual thoughts or behavior, feeling restless or confused; or
increased blood pressure (severe headache, blurred vision, trouble concentrating, chest pain, numbness, seizure).
Less serious side effects may be more likely to occur, such as:
feeling nervous or anxious;
headache, dizziness, tremors;
trouble sleeping (insomnia);
dry mouth or an unpleasant taste in your mouth;
diarrhea or constipation; or
itching.
Side effects other than those listed here may also occur. Talk to your doctor about any side effect that seems unusual or that is especially bothersome.
What should I avoid while taking phentermine?
Avoid drinking alcohol. It can increase some of the side effects of phentermine. Phentermine can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert.
What happens if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medication. An overdose of phentermine can be fatal.
Symptoms of a phentermine overdose may include confusion, hallucinations, feeling restless or aggressive, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, irregular heartbeat, tremors, rapid breathing, confusion, hallucinations, feeling light-headed, fainting, or seizure (convulsions).
Symptoms of a phentermine overdose may include confusion, hallucinations, feeling restless or aggressive, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, irregular heartbeat, tremors, rapid breathing, confusion, hallucinations, feeling light-headed, fainting, or seizure (convulsions).
What happens if I miss a dose?
What happens if I miss a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at your next regularly scheduled time. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at your next regularly scheduled time. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
How should I take phentermine?
Take this medication exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not take the medication in larger amounts, or take it for longer than recommended by your doctor. Follow the directions on your prescription label.
Taking high doses of phentermine over long periods of time can cause severe skin problems, sleep problems (insomnia), personality changes, and feeling hyperactive or irritable. Take this medicine with a full glass of water. It is best to take phentermine on an empty stomach before breakfast, or at least 10 to 14 hours before bedtime.
Phentermine should be taken only for a short time, such as a few weeks.
Do not crush, chew, break, or open an extended-release capsule. Swallow the pill whole. It is specially made to release medicine slowly in the body. Breaking or opening the pill would cause too much of the drug to be released at one time.
You may have withdrawal symptoms when you stop using phentermine after using it over a long period of time. Do not stop using this medication suddenly without first talking to your doctor. You may need to use less and less before you stop the medication completely.
Do not take phentermine in the evening because it may cause sleep problems (insomnia).
Stop taking phentermine if you have increased hunger or if you otherwise think the medication is not working properly. Do not take more phentermine for an increased effect. Taking too much of this medication can cause serious, life-threatening side effects.
Phentermine may be habit-forming and should be used only by the person it was prescribed for. Keep track of how many pills have been used from each new bottle of this medicine. Phentermine is a drug of abuse and you should be aware if any person in the household is using this medicine improperly or without a prescription. Store phentermine at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
Taking high doses of phentermine over long periods of time can cause severe skin problems, sleep problems (insomnia), personality changes, and feeling hyperactive or irritable. Take this medicine with a full glass of water. It is best to take phentermine on an empty stomach before breakfast, or at least 10 to 14 hours before bedtime.
Phentermine should be taken only for a short time, such as a few weeks.
Do not crush, chew, break, or open an extended-release capsule. Swallow the pill whole. It is specially made to release medicine slowly in the body. Breaking or opening the pill would cause too much of the drug to be released at one time.
You may have withdrawal symptoms when you stop using phentermine after using it over a long period of time. Do not stop using this medication suddenly without first talking to your doctor. You may need to use less and less before you stop the medication completely.
Do not take phentermine in the evening because it may cause sleep problems (insomnia).
Stop taking phentermine if you have increased hunger or if you otherwise think the medication is not working properly. Do not take more phentermine for an increased effect. Taking too much of this medication can cause serious, life-threatening side effects.
Phentermine may be habit-forming and should be used only by the person it was prescribed for. Keep track of how many pills have been used from each new bottle of this medicine. Phentermine is a drug of abuse and you should be aware if any person in the household is using this medicine improperly or without a prescription. Store phentermine at room temperature away from moisture and heat.
What should I discuss with my healthcare provider before taking phentermine?
Do not take phentermine if you have used an MAO inhibitor such as isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam), or tranylcypromine (Parnate) within the past 14 days. Serious, life-threatening side effects can occur if you take phentermine before the MAO inhibitor has cleared from your body.
Taking phentermine together with other diet medications such as fenfluramine (Phen-Fen) or dexfenfluramine (Redux) can cause a rare fatal lung disorder called pulmonary hypertension. Do not take phentermine with any other diet medications without your doctor's advice.
Do not take this medication if you are allergic to phentermine or other stimulants, or if you have:
heart disease or high blood pressure;
arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries);
an overactive thyroid;
glaucoma;
if you are in an agitated state; or
if you have a history of drug or alcohol abuse.
Before taking phentermine, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have:
problems with your thyroid,
an anxiety disorder,
epilepsy or another seizure disorder, or
diabetes.
If you have any of these conditions, you may not be able to use phentermine, or you may need a dosage adjustment or special tests during treatment.
It is not known whether phentermine will harm an unborn baby. Do not take phentermine without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant. It is also not known whether phentermine passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not take phentermine without first talking to your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. Do not give this medication to anyone younger than 16 years old without the advice of a doctor.
Taking phentermine together with other diet medications such as fenfluramine (Phen-Fen) or dexfenfluramine (Redux) can cause a rare fatal lung disorder called pulmonary hypertension. Do not take phentermine with any other diet medications without your doctor's advice.
Do not take this medication if you are allergic to phentermine or other stimulants, or if you have:
heart disease or high blood pressure;
arteriosclerosis (hardening of the arteries);
an overactive thyroid;
glaucoma;
if you are in an agitated state; or
if you have a history of drug or alcohol abuse.
Before taking phentermine, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have:
problems with your thyroid,
an anxiety disorder,
epilepsy or another seizure disorder, or
diabetes.
If you have any of these conditions, you may not be able to use phentermine, or you may need a dosage adjustment or special tests during treatment.
It is not known whether phentermine will harm an unborn baby. Do not take phentermine without first talking to your doctor if you are pregnant. It is also not known whether phentermine passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not take phentermine without first talking to your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby. Do not give this medication to anyone younger than 16 years old without the advice of a doctor.
What is phentermine?
Phentermine is a stimulant that is similar to an amphetamine. Phentermine is an appetite suppressant that affects the central nervous system.
Phentermine is used togther with diet and exercise to treat obesity (overweight) in people with risk factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or diabetes.
Phentermine may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.
Phentermine is used togther with diet and exercise to treat obesity (overweight) in people with risk factors such as high blood pressure, high cholesterol, or diabetes.
Phentermine may also be used for purposes other than those listed in this medication guide.
What is the most important information I should know about phentermine?
Taking phentermine together with other diet medications such as fenfluramine (Phen-Fen) or dexfenfluramine (Redux) can cause a rare fatal lung disorder called pulmonary hypertension. Do not take phentermine with any other diet medications without your doctor's advice.
Phentermine can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert. Avoid drinking alcohol. It can increase some of the side effects of phentermine. Phentermine may be habit-forming and should be used only by the person it was prescribed for. Keep track of how many pills have been used from each new bottle of this medicine. Phentermine is a drug of abuse and you should be aware if any person in the household is using this medicine improperly or without a prescription.
You may have withdrawal symptoms, such as depression and extreme tiredness, when you stop using phentermine after using it over a long period of time. Do not stop using phentermine suddenly without first talking to your doctor. You may need to use less and less before you stop the medication completely.
Phentermine can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert. Avoid drinking alcohol. It can increase some of the side effects of phentermine. Phentermine may be habit-forming and should be used only by the person it was prescribed for. Keep track of how many pills have been used from each new bottle of this medicine. Phentermine is a drug of abuse and you should be aware if any person in the household is using this medicine improperly or without a prescription.
You may have withdrawal symptoms, such as depression and extreme tiredness, when you stop using phentermine after using it over a long period of time. Do not stop using phentermine suddenly without first talking to your doctor. You may need to use less and less before you stop the medication completely.
Side Effects of Phentermine
Appetite suppressants may cause some serious side effects, including heart and lung problems. You and your doctor should discuss the good this medicine may do as well as the risks of taking it.
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
Rare
Chest pain; decreased ability to exercise; fainting; swelling of feet or lower legs; trouble in breathing
Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:
More common
Increased blood pressure
Less common or rare
Difficult or painful urination; fast or irregular heartbeat; feeling that others can hear your thoughts; feeling that others are watching you or controlling your behavior; hallucinations (feeling, seeing, or hearing things that are not there); headache (severe); mental depression; numbness, especially on one side of the face or body; skin rash or hives; sore throat and fever (with diethylpropion); talking, feeling, and acting with excitement and activity you cannot control; unusual bleeding or bruising (with diethylpropion)
Symptoms of overdose
Abdominal or stomach cramps; coma; confusion; convulsions (seizures); diarrhea (severe); dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting; fast breathing; feeling of panic; fever; hallucinations (seeing, hearing or feeling things that are not there); high or low blood pressure; hostility with urge to attack; irregular heartbeat; nausea or vomiting (severe); overactive reflexes; restlessness; trembling or shaking; tiredness, weakness, and mental depression following effects of excitement
Abuse of a sympathomimetic appetite suppressant (taking the medicine in larger doses or taking it more frequently or for a longer time than the doctor ordered) can cause the following side effects:
Changes in personality; excessive, excited activity; irritability (severe); mental illness (severe), similar to schizophrenia; skin disease; trouble in sleeping (severe)
Other side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. However, check with your doctor if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome:
More common
Constipation; dizziness or lightheadedness; dryness of mouth; false sense of well-being; headache; irritability; nausea or vomiting; nervousness or restlessness; stomach cramps or pain; trembling or shaking; trouble in sleeping
Note:
After the stimulant effects have worn off, drowsiness, unusual tiredness or weakness, or mental depression may occur.
Less common or rare
Blurred vision; changes in sexual desire or decreased sexual ability; diarrhea; drowsiness; frequent urge to urinate or increased urination; increased sweating; unpleasant taste
Although not all of the side effects listed above have been reported for all of these medicines, they have been reported for at least one of them. However, since all of the sympathomimetic appetite suppressants are similar, any of the above side effects may occur with any of these medicines.
After you stop using this medicine, your body may need time to adjust. The length of time this takes depends on the amount of medicine you were using and how long you used it. During this time check with your doctor if you notice any of the following side effects:
Extreme tiredness or weakness; mental depression; nausea or vomiting; stomach cramps or pain; trembling; trouble in sleeping or nightmares
Other side effects not listed above may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your doctor.
Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention.
Check with your doctor immediately if any of the following side effects occur:
Rare
Chest pain; decreased ability to exercise; fainting; swelling of feet or lower legs; trouble in breathing
Check with your doctor as soon as possible if any of the following side effects occur:
More common
Increased blood pressure
Less common or rare
Difficult or painful urination; fast or irregular heartbeat; feeling that others can hear your thoughts; feeling that others are watching you or controlling your behavior; hallucinations (feeling, seeing, or hearing things that are not there); headache (severe); mental depression; numbness, especially on one side of the face or body; skin rash or hives; sore throat and fever (with diethylpropion); talking, feeling, and acting with excitement and activity you cannot control; unusual bleeding or bruising (with diethylpropion)
Symptoms of overdose
Abdominal or stomach cramps; coma; confusion; convulsions (seizures); diarrhea (severe); dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting; fast breathing; feeling of panic; fever; hallucinations (seeing, hearing or feeling things that are not there); high or low blood pressure; hostility with urge to attack; irregular heartbeat; nausea or vomiting (severe); overactive reflexes; restlessness; trembling or shaking; tiredness, weakness, and mental depression following effects of excitement
Abuse of a sympathomimetic appetite suppressant (taking the medicine in larger doses or taking it more frequently or for a longer time than the doctor ordered) can cause the following side effects:
Changes in personality; excessive, excited activity; irritability (severe); mental illness (severe), similar to schizophrenia; skin disease; trouble in sleeping (severe)
Other side effects may occur that usually do not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as your body adjusts to the medicine. However, check with your doctor if any of the following side effects continue or are bothersome:
More common
Constipation; dizziness or lightheadedness; dryness of mouth; false sense of well-being; headache; irritability; nausea or vomiting; nervousness or restlessness; stomach cramps or pain; trembling or shaking; trouble in sleeping
Note:
After the stimulant effects have worn off, drowsiness, unusual tiredness or weakness, or mental depression may occur.
Less common or rare
Blurred vision; changes in sexual desire or decreased sexual ability; diarrhea; drowsiness; frequent urge to urinate or increased urination; increased sweating; unpleasant taste
Although not all of the side effects listed above have been reported for all of these medicines, they have been reported for at least one of them. However, since all of the sympathomimetic appetite suppressants are similar, any of the above side effects may occur with any of these medicines.
After you stop using this medicine, your body may need time to adjust. The length of time this takes depends on the amount of medicine you were using and how long you used it. During this time check with your doctor if you notice any of the following side effects:
Extreme tiredness or weakness; mental depression; nausea or vomiting; stomach cramps or pain; trembling; trouble in sleeping or nightmares
Other side effects not listed above may also occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check with your doctor.
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